MODERN STRATEGIES FOR THE DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES

Аннотация

Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at an increased risk of developing kidney disease, with a significant proportion of cases emerging in the early stages of the disease. Up to 65% of children at the onset of T1D may experience acute kidney injury (AKI), which considerably raises the likelihood of subsequent chronic kidney disease (CKD). Another risk factor that arises during the progression of diabetes is inadequate blood glucose control, which accelerates the development of diabetic kidney disease. A crucial aspect of managing diabetic nephropathy (DN) is routine screening for diabetic kidney disease, starting at the age of 11 in patients with a diabetes duration of 2 to 5 years. This review explores the pathophysiology of kidney damage in type 1 diabetes, including the mechanisms of acute kidney injury and its long-term consequences. Particular emphasis is placed on early biomarkers that enhance diagnostic capabilities. Additionally, we discuss current approaches to monitoring and treating chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents affected by T1D.