BREASTBONE TUBERCULOSIS IN MODERN CONDITIONS (CLINICAL CASE)

Аннотация

Bone-joint tuberculosis accounts for 10-25% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and the involvement of the sternum in tuberculosis is a rare clinical form even in countries with high tuberculosis prevalence. A thorough search of literature, according to keywords, "primary tuberculosis of the sternum" and "primary tuberculous osteomyelitis of the sternum" in the PubMed database yielded 30 and 22 articles, respectively. A clinical case was analyzed: a woman, 23 years old. She turned to the hospital for a tumor on the anterior chest wall. Upon examination, a large swelling with a diameter of 12.5 cm, soft, painless, without fever, fluctuating, is visible. The pus was aspirated and examined. The pus was negative for acid-resistant bacilli (ACB), but the nucleic acid test using a cartridge amplification test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive and sensitive to rifampicin. According to research by modern scientists, radiological signs may initially be absent upon admission, and symptoms, abscesses, or fistulas may appear long before imaging methods detect them. Conclusion. Isolated primary sternal osteomyelitis caused by M. tuberculosis is still rare, despite the high prevalence of tuberculosis in endemic countries.