THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSLATION, CALLIGRAPHY, AND BOOKMAKING IN THE LITERARY PROCESSES OF KHIVA (SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY - BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY)

Аннотация

In the Khiva Khanate at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, a great literary environment emerged. The literary environment was the reason for the development of many poets and creative people. During this period, the development and rise of translation, calligraphy, and the art of bookmaking further expanded the field of the literary environment. This article analyzes the place of translation, calligraphy, and bookmaking in literary processes.