RURAL ECONOMY IN BUKHARA REGION REFORMS IMPLEMENTED (1965-1985)

Аннотация

In his discourse entitled "Pressing Challenges of Production, Industry, and Prospects for Technological Advancement," presented on September 2-3, 1955, in Tashkent, N.A. Mukhitdinov, a prominent figure within the government of the Uzbek SSR, examined the themes of specialization and cooperation. These subjects encapsulated the production dilemmas spanning from 1950 to 1980. His address emphasizes not the integration of agrarian and industrial sectors but rather the formation of industrial unions and complexes. During this period, issues about specialization and cooperation within Uzbekistan's industrial enterprises had been insufficiently addressed, leading to a lack of adequate consideration in the formulation of industrial construction strategies. This negligence is ascribed to a propensity among numerous organizations to overlook this economic element and the progressive methodologies of production organization until the last possible moment. Keywords: Uzbek SSR, agrarian-industrial complex, specialization and cooperation, technology, centralization, congress, Central Committee. Introduction. The last decade of the past century marked a period of profound transformation for all nations residing in Uzbekistan. During the years of the Russian Empire and Soviet governance, the quest for liberation from autocracy afforded the Uzbek people the opportunity to secure a rightful place within the global community. Independence fostered possibilities for examining the past and engaging in a fair assessment. At the same time, the newly independent Republic of Uzbekistan faces important challenges: on one hand, to eliminate the long-standing vestiges of a totalitarian regime, and on the other hand, to address existing issues across all sectors in this new phase of development by implementing reforms in the social-economic, political, cultural, and moral-educational spheres. Literature Review. One of the urgent themes within the field of historical studies today is the need to explore the causes behind the economic dependency of Uzbekistan during the Soviet regime. This includes the structures formulated by the Communist Party, work methods and forms, and the intricate interconnections among all republics. Overall, this necessitates a responsible approach to studying the problems, contradictions, and socioeconomic development difficulties of that era, ensuring comprehensive coverage of events, 18 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference adhering to historical accuracy devoid of bias, and fulfilling the tasks of preserving continuity and integrity in historical narratives. Analysis and Discussion of Results. Transitioning agriculture to an industrial base necessitates comprehensive mechanization of primary operations, the centralization of production, and the refinement of organizational forms. The establishment of complexes capable of centrally producing finished goods and delivering them to consumers holds significant importance. The transition to agrarian-industrial unions and complexes from auxiliary enterprises embodies the objective logic of our construction efforts. The socio-economic significance of such unions lies not only in augmenting the productivity and viability of agriculture but also in creating objective conditions to equalize the living standards of agricultural and industrial workers. This includes the payment for labor by state industrial enterprises and agricultural collectives, as well as the provisions for social insurance and pensions, all of which contribute, albeit modestly, to the rising quality of work and the skills of employees. As anticipated during the XXIV Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, these unions were expected to become fundamental links in the framework of social production in the future. However, the newly formed collaborative structures did not assume the position of the principal elements within the national agricultural system. Despite the emergence of these unions, the overall structure of the nation’s economy did not undergo significant transformation, and a higher phase of agricultural reforms remained uninitiated. A resolution adopted on May 28, 1976, by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union emphasized that enhancing agricultural production through specialization and concentration based on extensive cooperation is pivotal. The transition of agriculture to a modern industrial foundation was posited as the primary pathway for the further development of socialism in the countryside. This indicated a new phase in the practical implementation of Leninist cooperative planning in the context of advanced socialism. As the party and state address the responsibilities of current agrarian policy, it is crucial to recognize that the core, central component of the agro- industrial complex is agriculture itself. The fundamental basis for its further development hinges on the gradual increase of capita