INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT INDICATORS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT STAGES

Аннотация

This article provides an in-depth analysis of methodological approaches, international experiences and indicators for assessing the effectiveness of innovation infrastructure. The article analyzes various economic bulletins and manuals, including statistical approaches based on the Frascati and Oslo manuals, as well as the stages of development of indices such as the Global Innovation Index. Also, a comprehensive approach is developed based on a system of indicators for assessing innovation potential, costs and results proposed by Uzbek scientists and foreign researchers. The indicators of the effectiveness of innovation infrastructure at the macro, meso and nano levels are considered in groups. As a result innovative activity efficiency territorial and institutional at the level assessment opportunity giver indicators​ system offer is being done . Key words:innovative infrastructure , efficiency indicators , evaluation​ methodology , Frascati Manual , Oslo Manual , Global Innovation Index, innovation potential , R&D, patents ,innovation activity ,technological development ,indicators system World in practice innovative infrastructure development level appraiser many​ various indicators available . Innovative infrastructure efficiency whether it is national be it regional​ ​ ​ at the level let's see , evaluate indicators system national and territorial to the features is based on. Regional innovative infrastructure under the influence innovative activity measurement​ his/her territorial features because of complicated is a problem . The whole head innovative infrastructure activity analysis to do for only one from the indicator use methodologicalfrom a pointofviewmany problems brought releasepossible1. Frascati Manual​ since creation since many in countries research and experimental design works according to information systematic accordingly collected 2. Quite a lot far periods during patents whole world patent offices by record arrived Bibliometric​ ​ information publications announcement to be done and this to publications quotes wide in appearance​ Oslo Guide​ ​ instructions according to statistics offices farm driver from subjects theirinnovationsabout straight away requests are being held3. Innovative infrastructure results as of the company , of the region or of the country innovative potential and the results assessment for this analysis which indicators​ based on done increase understanding need . That's all . attention worthy , innovative indicators​ system himself/herself last one howmany ten annuals insidenoticeable to changes face came . 1ErqianZhu.UniversityofNevada,Reno.EssaysonFactorsofInnovation,RegionalEconomicImpactsfromRangeland Fires,andEstimationofHealthImpactsfromWildfires.AdissertationsubmittedinpartialfulfillmentoftheRequirements forthedegreeofDegreeofPhilosophyinResourceEconomicsbyErqianZhu,Nevada,December,2010,page9-10. 2OECD(1963),FrascatiManual1963:ProposedStandardPracticeforSurveysofResearchandDevelopment,The MeasurementofScientificandTechnologicalActivities,OECDPublishing,Paris,https://doi.org/10.1787/a9f6ca4b-en. 3https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/ru/publications/reports/2005/11/oslo-manual_g1gh5dba/9785760201737-ru.pdf page827 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai That is. innovative infrastructure under the influence innovative activity assessment indicators​ priority historical in periods changing went . Innovative infrastructure efficiency assessment issue , especially in the second half of the 20th century half starting from , economic politics important structural part as seeing​ is being released . This the period conditional5historical​ tothestage wewill be: 1.1950s–1970s: Scientificresearch expenses based Rating : Second world from the war then society science of progress main driving force power and of innovations main source as acceptance did the research and to developments investment to enter separately attention This approach is called “input-based evaluation , ” meaning to the process included resources based on assessment priority was . During this period innovative infrastructure mainly state by funded research institutes through formed . This because of , themain efficiency indicators ofthefollowing consists ofwas :  Research and experimental design allocated to research and development (R&D) amountof funds ;  Scientificemployees number;  Printed​ scientific articles number 4. 2.1980–1990:Patents and commercialization Level : Neoliberal economic politics in the background state intervention decrease , private sector activation was observed . During this period innovations financial results with tie​ trend increased .Therefore inevaluation followingindicators​ important placeoccupied :  Patentapplications and givenpatents number;  Commercialized innovationslevel ;  Technology transfer size5