THE MORAL ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ABDURAUF FITRAT'S WORK "FAMILY"

Аннотация

Oila – jamiyatning asosiy bo‘g‘ini bo‘lib, uning mustahkamligi har bir millat taraqqiyoti uchun muhim hisoblanadi. O‘zbek adabiyotining yirik namoyandalaridan biri Abdurauf Fitratning "Oila" asarida oila tarbiyasi, an’ana va zamonaviylik o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlik haqida fikr yuritadi. Ushbu asarda Fitrat oilaning jamiyatdagi o‘rni, tarbiyaning ahamiyati va ayollarning huquqlari haqida tanqidiy qarashlarini bildiradi. Kalit soʻzlar: Fitrat,,,Oilaʼʼ asari, oʻzbek jamiyati, ayollar huquqlari, tarbiya, maʼrifat, savodxonlik, anʼanalar va zamonaviylik, oilaviy munosabatlar, farzand tarbiyasi, erkak va ayol tengligi. Annotation: The family is the main unit of society, and its strength is important for the development of every nation. In the work "Family" by Abdurauf Fitrat, one of the great figures of Uzbek literature, he reflects on the relationship between family upbringing, tradition and modernity. In this work, Fitrat expresses his critical views on the role of the family in society, the importance of upbringing, and women's rights. Keywords: Fitrat, "Family", Uzbek society, women's rights, upbringing, enlightenment, literacy, traditions and modernity, family relations, child rearing, equality between men and women Aннотация: Семья является основным звеном общества, и ее стабильность важна для развития каждой нации. Абдурауф Фитрат, один из крупнейших деятелей узбекской литературы, в произведении «Семья» задумывается о соотношении семейного воспитания, традиции и современности. В этой работе 174 SCIENCE SHINE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL Issue 9(44), Volume 1 | ISSN 3030-377X | 10.05.2025 Фитрат выражает свои критические взгляды на роль семьи в обществе, важность образования и права женщин. Ключевые слова: Фитрат, Семейная работа, узбекское общество, права женщин, образование, просвещение, грамотность, традиции и современность, семейные отношения, воспитание детей, равенство мужчин и женщин. Family" is one of the major works of Uzbek literature, which puts forward a number of important ideas about family values, upbringing, women's rights, and changes in society. This work by Abdurauf Fitrat served to change the role of the family in society and views on it. Even today, this work remains relevant in modern Uzbek society. Fitrat's work "Family" covered many social and family problems of its time. The work explores the role of the family in shaping upbringing, women's rights, and literacy. Fitrat in his work. He saw education as the main link of society and emphasized that its strength affects the development of society. According to traditional views, women's right to education was limited in Uzbek society. Fitrat, on the other hand, spoke about the role of women's education in the development of society and showed that the restriction of their rights hinders the progress of society. These ideas are still relevant today, because women's rights and educational opportunities are important for the sustainable development of society. Fitrat's work, especially emphasizing the need for women's education, is still a topic worth studying and implementing for modern society. In addition, he highlighted in his work that the more educated each woman is, the more they can make a huge contribution to the development of society, that is, an educated woman can raise her child as a perfect person and an educated person. Fitrat's work "Family" encourages us to reconsider the family values of Uzbek society and the place of the family in society. The ideas and criticisms put forward in the work have not lost their relevance today. Fitrat emphasized the importance of family education, women's rights, and the need to base child education on enlightenment through his work. These ideas are reflected in today's Uzbek society, and the improvement of family relations, attention to education and enlightenment serves the development of society. Family education plays an important role in Fitrat's work. He emphasizes the special role of parents in education. He explains the great importance of enlightenment in raising children. Fitrat shows the need to base family education not only on traditions, but also on science. A new, enlightened view of education in 175 SCIENCE SHINE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL Issue 9(44), Volume 1 | ISSN 3030-377X | 10.05.2025 societyis reflected in his work. It also provides information about the obligations between children and parents and when they should be observed. Fitrat criticized the dominance of men in the family in his time and emphasized the equality of women and men. He wrote that balanced relationships should be established in the family, that men and women should understand each other and have equal rights. Even today, Fitrat's ideas are reflected in society. In Uzbek families, the role of women in society has strengthened, and cooperation and understanding in family relations are growing. On the other hand, women's rights are equal to men's rights, that is, gender equality is guaranteed by