CHALLENGES IN TRANSLATING ECONOMIC TERMINOLOGY BETWEEN ENGLISH AND UZBEK: A LEXICOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVE

Аннотация

В статье рассматриваются проблемы перевода экономической терминологии с английского языка на узбекский, такие как отсутствие эквивалентов, многозначность и неологизмы. Подчеркиваются структурные и концептуальные различия между двумя языками и анализируются ограничения существующих двуязычных словарей. Также исследуется роль лексикографии в обеспечении точного и контекстуально адекватного перевода экономических терминов. Предлагаются рекомендации по улучшению качества и удобства использования англо- узбекских экономических словарей для повышения эффективности межкультурной коммуникации и экономической грамотности. Annotatsiya Maqolada ingliz tilidan o‘zbek tiliga iqtisodiy atamalarni tarjima qilishda yuzaga keladigan muammolar, jumladan, ekvivalentlik yo‘qligi, ko‘p ma'nolilik va neologizmlar muhokama qilinadi. Ingliz va o‘zbek tillari orasidagi tuzilma va tushuncha farqlari yoritilib, mavjud ikki tilli lug‘atlarning kamchiliklari tahlil qilinadi. Iqtisodiy atamalarni aniq va kontekstga mos tarjima qilishda leksikografiyaning o‘rni ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada inglizcha-o‘zbekcha iqtisodiy lug‘atlarning sifatini va foydalanuvchanligini oshirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar 174 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference beriladi. Bu esa madaniyatlararo muloqotni va iqtisodiy savodxonlikni rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. In the age of globalization, the role of economic terminology has become increasingly significant in cross-cultural communication, international trade, and academic research. Precise and accurate use of economic terms is vital not only for economists but also for translators, students, and lexicographers. However, translating economic terminology between English and Uzbek presents a range of linguistic, conceptual, and cultural challenges. This article aims to explore these challenges from a lexicographic perspective and suggest ways to improve the quality of bilingual resources in this domain. Economic terminology consists of specialized vocabulary used to describe financial systems, policies, and processes. It includes terms such as “inflation,” “capital gains,” “monetary policy,” and “gross domestic product.” These terms often have specific meanings within the context of economics that may not align with their general or literal translations. Lexicography, the practice of dictionary compilation and analysis, plays a crucial role in recording, defining, and standardizing such terms. In bilingual contexts, lexicography becomes even more complex due to the need for conceptual equivalence between two languages. One of the primary difficulties in translating economic terminology lies in structural and conceptual mismatches between English and Uzbek. English, being widely used in international economic discourse, has a vast and dynamic economic lexicon. Uzbek, on the other hand, has historically had limited exposure to modern economic developments, especially during the Soviet period when Russian was dominant in academic and professional domains. A common challenge is non-equivalence, where an English economic term has no direct counterpart in Uzbek. For example, the term “quantitative easing” refers to a specific monetary policy tool used by central banks, but there is no exact equivalent term in Uzbek. Translators often resort to descriptive translations, which may be accurate but lack conciseness. Polysemy and ambiguity also create problems. An English word like “capital” can mean financial assets, a city, or physical goods depending on context. Without clear definitions in bilingual dictionaries, Uzbek speakers may misinterpret such terms. Similarly, false friends—words that look similar in both languages but differ in meaning—can lead to confusion. For instance, the Uzbek 175 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference term “aktivlar” and the English “active” are false cognates; the former refers to 'assets,' not 'activity.' Another issue is the translation of neologisms—newly coined economic terms that emerge in English due to global financial innovation. These terms may not yet exist in Uzbek or may be unfamiliar even to educated speakers. Terms like “cryptocurrency,” “gig economy,” or “green finance” require both lexical innovation and conceptual adaptation in Uzbek. Bilingual English–Uzbek dictionaries are essential tools for students, translators, and economists working in multilingual environments. However, many existing dictionaries have limitations. They may provide only basic equivalents without context or usage examples, which are critical for understanding technical terms. Moreover, dictionaries sometimes fail to reflect changes in economic language or recent terminology, making them outdated. One key improvement would be the inclusion of contextual usage, such as sample sentences from authentic economic texts. Providing both definition and usage helps users understand the