THE DESCRIPTIVE FUNCTION OF EPITHET, SIMILE AND HYPERBOLE IN FAIRY TALES

Аннотация

This article analyzes the role and descriptive functions of epithet, simile and hyperbole, which are widely used in fairy tales, in written and oral speech. It is shown that these means are of great importance in increasing the imagery of fairy tales, enriching the reader's imagination and enhancing the emotional impact of the story. The article reveals the characteristics of each descriptive means, their role in the content and style of fairy tales with examples. Special attention is also paid to the role of these means in the development of students' linguistic and literary views. Keywords: fairy tale, figurative means, epithet, simile, hyperbole, imagery, literary style, emotional impact Introduction: In literature, fairy tales are one of the most ancient and unique examples of human thought, through which the cultural values, customs and life experiences of the people are revealed. The uniqueness and effectiveness of fairy tales are associated with the essence and stylistic forms of the figurative means used in them. Among them, figurative and effective language means such as epithet, simile and hyperbole occupy the most important place. These figurative means are of great importance in increasing the imagery of fairy tales, enriching the reader's imagination and enhancing the emotional impact of the events in the story. An epithet is an adjectival word or combination of words used to more accurately and effectively describe an object or event, with the help of which the reader sees the depicted image more clearly. Simile, on the other hand, vividly and vividly portrays an image by comparing two different things, which helps to understand the characteristics of events or characters in fairy tales more deeply. Hyperbole is a means of exaggeration or reduction, which is used to increase the impact and emphasize a certain situation. Also, the function of these figurative means is not limited to description, they affect the general content of the fairy tale, serving to enhance the emotional and spiritual impact of the accompanying images. Nowadays, studying the role of these figurative means in the analysis of fairy tales is relevant for the fields of literary language and pedagogy. Because through them, it is possible to develop children's speech culture and figurative speech skills. 184 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference This article analyzes the figurative functions of epithets, similes and hyperbole in fairy tales in a broader way, as well as their literary and pedagogical significance. At the same time, special attention is paid to their role and influence in fairy tale speech with the help of examples. Main part: An epithet is a descriptive and figurative means of speech, used to more accurately and effectively describe an object, event or person. In fairy tales, epithets play an important role in enlivening images, enriching their imagination and enhancing the reader's emotions. For example, epithets such as "white-winged bird", "hot heart like fire", "sweet-tongued hero" add more variety to the image, make the characters more lively. Through epithets, the impact of events and images increases, they become more deeply embedded in the reader's imagination. The meaning of an epithet can be not only a description of appearance or features, but also express the inner mental state of the image. This helps to create a mysterious, fantastic and unique atmosphere of fairy tales. Simile is a method of comparing two different events, things or people and describing them based on their similarities. In fairy tales, simile is widely used to make images more vivid and understandable, to reveal their character. For example, examples such as “he was as strong as a solid throne”, “his eyes shone like a star”, “his heart was as warm as the spring sun” show how the simile is used in fairy tales. This method expands the reader's imagination, makes the images more vivid, and makes them easier to perceive emotionally. Through simile, fairy tales are enriched with a unique philosophical or moral content, and the connection between events and images is more clearly reflected. This helps the reader understand the main ideas in the tale. Hyperbole is a means of exaggerating or reducing an event or image in order to increase the effect. In fairy tales, hyperbole is widely used to enhance the impact of the story, attract attention, and make the story memorable. For example, statements such as “he was so tall, he reached the sky,” “his heart was beating so fast that his ears rang” show how hyperbole is used in fairy tales. This method makes the stories more dramatic and interesting, and activates the reader’s emotional perception. With the help of hyperbole, the mysterious and fantastic elements present in the tales are further enhanced, they amaze the reader and make the content of the tale more impressive. 185 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN