IMPROVING EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS IN TEACHING RADIONUCLIDE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER THROUGH COMPREHENSIVE RADIODIAGNOSIS

Аннотация

This article analyzes the factors that cause breast cancer, the importance of complex radiological and ultrasound methods in early diagnosis and comparative diagnosis of dangerous and safe tumor diseases of the breast, and the issues of teaching students and demonstrating inpractice theanalysis ofexamination results. Keywords: Radionegative SBS, breast, ultrasonography, mammography, MRI, medical education and practice, differential diagnosis, educational effectiveness Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common and widespread tumor diseases among women. Scientists have determined that SBS is more common in women over 50 years old, have a genetic disease, drink a lot of alcohol, have not had children, have taken hormonal drugs for more than 1 year, and have been exposed to radiation. Early detection of breast cancer is of crucial importance in modern oncology. However, radionegative cases pose great diagnostic difficulties. Radionegative breast cancer (RN-SBC) is a pathological condition that is not detected on a regular mammogram but is confirmed by other examinations, and it often occurs in women with dense breast tissue. Studies have shown that the sensitivity of mammography decreases to 50% in dense tissue. This reduces the possibility of early detection of the disease and delays its clinical presentation. In cases of RN-SBC, many patients have a false negative result, which means thatthe disease isnot detected untilit isat alatestage. It is in such cases that an expanded diagnostic approach - theuse of complex radiodiagnostic (CNT) methods - becomes of great importance. This approach is relevant both for clinical decision-making and forteaching complex cases ineducation. Breast Cancer (BCC) According to WHO, 25% of all women worldwide are diagnosed with breast cancer. In 2022, this disease was diagnosed in 2 million women and 627,000 deaths were observed. This oncological process affects not only women, but also men, but much less often than women. According to data, 6-12 men are diagnosed in Uzbekistan every year. BCC is more common in women aged 20 to 80, after 40 years the risk of developing breast cancer is 5-8 times higher than at the age of 60. Risk factors for the development of breast 98,7:ROTCAFTCAPMI .SECNEICSLACIDEM,5202,yaM,5emuloV gro.srehsilbupcimedaca.www cancer include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, lack of physical activity, alcoholism, radiation therapy for breast cancer, low breastfeeding, giving birth to the first child after the age of 30, and hormone therapy after menopause. That is, the risk of developing breast cancer isassociated with impaired functioning of hormone-producing organs. Materials andresearch methods Research methodology: Today, the leading methods for diagnosing breast cancer include X- ray mammography, ultrasound, Doppler function, MRI, and ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy, etc. UTT examination is also used as an independent method for detecting tumors in combination with mammography. Ultrasound examination clearly visualizes tissues of different densities and anatomical structures inthe breast. In addition, the advantages of this method are the absence of radiation exposure to the patient's body and the possibility of repeated use of this method, which is considered a safe method, especially in cases where X-ray mammography is limited, for example, during pregnancy and lactation. According to studies conducted by Ivanov L.I., ultrasound is a highly informative method for diagnosing SBS with a sensitivity of 92.3%, specificity of 84.1%and diagnosticefficiency of88.9%. Mammography plays a significant role in the early detection of SBS, and it was found that this method of examination provides 80% of accurate information in cancer. It was found that this method of examination is of great importance in the early detection and prevention ofnot onlycancer, but also precancerous diseases. In many countries, mammography is the primary method used to diagnose breast diseases. Mammography has several important advantages that make it an important tool for diagnosing breast diseases: Sensitivity to nodes: mammography is good at detecting nodules and other changes in the mammary glands, which allowsfor early detection of cancerand precancerous lesions. Research objective; To determine the diagnostic value of tumor detection in radionegative tumors using complex radiological and ultrasound methods. And to develop methods for teaching students Mainpart In the origin of SBS, the pituitary gland, thyroid gland and ovaries are of particular importance. Anotherfactor that increases therisk of cancer is that thepresence of SBS inthe mother increases the risk of breast cancer in the offspring. In this, gene mutations BRCA1 andBRCA2 are important. The first signs of breast cancer are breast swelling, discoloration of the skin around the breast and around it, nipple retraction, colorless fluid or blood discharge from the nipple, andenlargement ofperipheral lymph nodes. 98