XX-XXI ASR SIYOSIY VA IJTIMOIY VOQEALARINI TARIX DARSLARIDA BADIIY ASARLAR TAHLILI ORQALI YORITISH (JORJ ORUELLNING “1984” VA CHO‘LPONNING “KECHA VA KUNDUZ” ASARLARI MISOLIDA)

Аннотация

This article discusses the effective organization of history lessons in general education schools based on modern pedagogical approaches. In particular, it explores the methodological potential of using literary works to analyze political events and social issues of the 20th and 21st centuries. Using George Orwell's “1984” and Abdulhamid Chulpan's “Night and Day” as examples, the study examines ways to convey historical processes and the spirit of the era to students in a more impactful and comprehensible manner. Such an approach helps to develop students' critical thinking, shape historical reasoning, perceive connections between the past and the present, and strengthen socio-political awareness. The article also discusses methods for analyzing literary texts in a historical context, the effectiveness of using Q&A and discussion techniques during lessons, and the significance of literary works as historical sources. Keywords: History education, literary works, critical thinking, George Orwell, Abdulhamid Chulpan, 1984 novel, Kecha va Kunduz, socio-political consciousness.