Biological Activity Of Oats Fruit Lipids (Avena Sativa L.)

Аннотация

Neutral lipids of oat fruits (Avena sativa L.) were studied varieties "Tashkent 1", harvested in the Samarkand region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study of the component composition of neutral oat lipids by TLC showed that they consist mainly of triacylglycerides and free FA, which were accompanied by hydrocarbons, phytosterols, triterpenoids, and Tocopherols. The study of the effect of heat and salt stress on the growth of wheat seedlings during pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with unsaponifiable substances of oat grain lipids showed that unsaponifiable substances of the studied object's lipids at a concentration of 0.0001% have a protective activity. KEYWORDS Neutral lipids; oat fruits; Alcohol-soluble sugars; Avena sativa; pectin; polysaccharides; starch. The US A Journals Volume 02 Issue 09-2020 67 The American Journal of Agriculture and Boimedical Engineering IMPACT FACTOR (ISSN – 2689-1018) 2020: 5. 34 Published: September 27, 2020 | Pages: 67-70 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/Volume02Issue09-11 ABBREVIATIONS WSPS water-soluble polysaccharides, PS - pectin substances, HMC – hemicellulose, TLC - Thin-layer chromatography, FA - Fatty Acids, NL - Neutral lipids, INTRODUCTION harvested in the Samarkand region of the Republic of Uzbekistan during the full Lipids are widely distributed in nature and maturation period in 2017-2018 (September- together with proteins and carbohydrates October). After collection, the raw material make up the bulk of organic substances of all was dried in air under a canopy at a living organisms, being an essential temperature of 15-20 °C. component of every cell [1]. Isolation of lipids. Neutral lipids (NL) were The high content of lipids in the grain, which is isolated from crushed oat grain by gasoline in the maximum amount in the endosperm, extraction (t.kip. 72-80 °C) on a magnetic refers oats to potentially oilseeds. In stirrer at a temperature of 60 °C for 2 hours in comparison with other cereals, preference is a triple repetition. The extracts were given to oats, since there are varieties with an combined, the solvent was evaporated on a oil content of up to 18% [2]. rotary evaporator, and the lipid yield was The study of the physiological and molecular determined by weight. mechanisms of plant resistance to the The acid number of NL was determined, and damaging effects of abiotic factors is one of the content of free fatty acids (FA) in them the fundamental problems of biology[3]. was calculated from this indicator, as The aim of the study is to study the biological described [4]. activity of lipids of oat fruits. Non-saponified substances were isolated from MATERIALS AND METHODS NL by alkaline hydrolysis. Table 1 shows the results of the analyses. The objects of the study were the fruits (grains) of oats of the "Tashkent 1" variety, The US A Journals Volume 02 Issue 09-2020 68 The American Journal of Agriculture and Boimedical Engineering IMPACT FACTOR (ISSN – 2689-1018) 2020: 5. 34 Published: September 27, 2020 | Pages: 67-70 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/Volume02Issue09-11 Table 1. Characteristics of neutral lipids of oat grain. Indicator Content п\п Neutral lipid (oil content) when the actual 1 3,72 moisture content, % by weight of grain 2 Acid number NL, mg KOH/g 14,11 3 Free fatty acids, % by weight NL 7,05 4 Non-saponified substances, % by weight of NL 5,1 The composition of non-saponified substances In order to study the effect of salt stress on was determined from TLC data on silica gel wheat seeds treated with NVPO, the latter and Silufol plates. Hexane : ether 4:1; 3:2 and were placed in 10 Petri dishes, 5 ml of 1% NaCl 7:3 solvent systems were used. Model solution was added, and cultivated for 5 days substances (phytosterols, free FA) were used in a thermostat at a temperature of 25 °C. To to identify the components. It was established create heat stress, 5 ml of tap water was that the main components of non-saponified poured into Petri dishes with processed seeds substances were phytosterols, and and kept in a thermostat with a temperature hydrocarbons, triterpenols, and Tocopherols of 40 °C for 8 hours a day for 5 days. Activity were identified as minor lipophilic substances. was assessed by linear growth of Next, the biological activity of NVPO was aboveground and underground organs of studied. seedlings and by indicators of raw and dry weight of seedlings. Studies have shown that The influence of heat and salt stress on the when exposed to high temperatures, growth of wheat seedlings during pre-sowing seedlings obtained from treated seeds treatment of wheat seeds with non-saponified showed increased growth of the aboveground substances of oat fruit lipids (NVPO) was part of plants. studied. When exposed to 0.01 and 0.001%