CHANGES IN OTHER ORGANS DUE TO THYROID CHANGES

Аннотация

Hormonal disorders of the thyroid gland, which are part of endocrinological diseases, are accompanied by hair loss, brittle nails, obesity, weight loss, stress, infertility, memory loss, and eye problems. It is recommended to consume iodized table salt to prevent thyroid diseases. Modern diagnostic methods for endocrinological diseases are being developed in the regions by providing endocrinology dispensaries with the necessary reagents. Keywords: Endocrinology, goiter, iodine deficiency, gland, hormone. Many people do not know that problems with the thyroid gland can be a serious threat to life. A visit to an endocrinologist is perceived as a formal event, less important than to other doctors, but many people change their attitude if they learn that the thyroid gland is an organ of great importance for the whole organism. A person’s mood and even temperament can depend on its work. The thyroid gland produces hormones that are responsible for the intensity of metabolism, regulates the work of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, mental and sexual activity. Usually, problems with the thyroid gland scare a person less than other health problems. But metabolism directly depends on the work of this organ. Thyroid disease is a disease associated with the endocrine glands of humans and animals. The development of the thyroid gland begins in the fetal period, and in children by the age of 1 year its weight is 1-2 grams, and during growth it increases to 14-20 grams. It is formed in different ways in the human body and in the animal body. The thyroid gland develops from the epithelium of the embryonic gill sac. The thyroid gland is fully formed and begins to secrete hormones at 8-9 months of human embryonic development. It is located in the neck, in the area of the Выпуск журнала №-19 Часть–2_ Февраль –2025 558 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT larynx, and consists of 2 lobes and a lobe. There are 6 health problems that can be caused by the thyroid gland, which we will list one by one. 1. Weight changes: The metabolic rate also depends on the thyroid gland, and therefore the slightest change in its work is immediately noticeable. If the thyroid gland is overactive, there can be sudden and significant weight loss with little or no effort. If, on the contrary, the gland secretes fewer hormones into the blood than usual, swelling begins and obesity occurs. 2. Feeling sleepy and tired: Do you suffer from working too much and not getting enough rest? Do you constantly feel sleepy and tired even with light work? Don't rush to conclusions: maybe all this is due to a malfunctioning thyroid gland. 3. Thermoregulation problems: feeling cold while everyone else is suffering from the heat, or, conversely, sweating in the cold season. 4. Menstrual irregularities and infertility: Women's reproductive health is directly related to the endocrine system, and the ability to conceive largely depends on the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. 5. Depression and anxiety: if the thyroid gland produces too much hormone, the overall rhythm of the body increases, the nervous system experiences stress, and irritability and anxiety are observed. 6. Skin and hair problems: two more important signs of hypothyroidism are hair loss and dry skin. You should be especially careful not to encounter this symptom in the summer. The fact is that with metabolism, sweating also decreases, as a result of which the skin becomes less moisturized, dries out and even dehydrates faster1 The thyroid gland is supplied with blood by a pair of upper and a pair of lower arteries, and is innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers. It produces the iodine hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyrocalcitonin, which are involved in the regulation of substance and energy metabolism in the body. When it comes to endocrine diseases, goiter comes to mind in the minds of humanity today. Goiter is an iodine deficiency, which is characterized by an enlargement of the gland. Iodine deficiency is caused by a number of things, such as environmental changes in a person's lifestyle, stress, and environmental factors. As a Выпуск журнала №-19 Часть–2_ Февраль –2025 559 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT result of iodine deficiency, memory loss, hair loss, short stature, brittle nails, and in some cases, weight loss occur. Hormone synthesis is disrupted. Due to the above symptoms, the heartbeat accelerates or slows down, and blood pressure changes from normal. Another main symptom is shortness of breath and rapid pulse. In order to prevent diseases, many preventive measures are being carried out in Uzbekistan and among the population. Iodine deficiency is observed in the diet of various regions of our republic. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ102 dated 26.01.2022 On measures to improve and expand the scope of the Endocrinology Service2. According to this resolution, new standards of diagnostics and treatment were appr