Some Characteristics Of Transpiration Of Promising Soybean’s Varieties

Аннотация

The article presents data obtained from the study of the daily intensity of transpiration during the flowering stage of soybean varieties. According to the data on the diurnal variation of transpiration intensity, this process was accelerated in Vilana and Ustoz MM-60 varieties of soybeans, and a relative decrease in intensity was observed in Baraka and Tomaris man-60 varieties. Different variations in the intensity of transpiration in the cross section of the studied varieties may depend on the biological characteristics of the varieties as well as the air temperature and its relative humidity level. KEYWORDS Soybean varieties, transpiration rate, temperature, humidity, water exchange, productivity. INTRODUCTION consists of water, the amount of which in the seeds Water is a major part of plants and they play an important role in life activities. The role of water in plant life is extremely important, as 70-95% of the composition of plant tissues The US A Journals Volume 03 Issue 05-2021 28 The American Journal of Agriculture and Boimedical Engineering IMPACT FACTOR (ISSN – 2689-1018) 2021: 5. 554 Published: May 31, 2021| Pages: 28-35 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/Volume03Issue05-06 OCLC - 1121105746 decreases sharply and ranges from 5 to 15%. also the adsorption of water and the Water is the main mass in all organs of the movement of water and dissolved substances plant: 90% in the leaf, 70-80% in the branch, 50- throughout the plant [6]. 60% in the root, 10% in the seed, 98% in the vacuole, 80% in the cytoplasm, 50% in the bark. The water supply activity of plants is directly Some wet fruits contain a lot of water: related to the intensity of transpiration. 0.2% tomatoes - up to 94%, watermelons-up to 92% of the water taken in by the plants is [1]. assimilated and the rest is evaporated through the leaves during transpiration. In determining To increase plant biomass to 1 gram, the nature of the water balance in plants, it is approximately 500 g of water must be also important to determine the rate of water absorbed by the root system, assimilated by consumption depending on environmental the plant, and released into the atmosphere factors. An increase in water scarcity in the from the surface of its vegetative organs. Due soil leads to a decrease in transpiration to its unique properties, water is of great intensity. Otherwise, the inverse law is importance in all processes of cell life. Even a observed [7]. slight violation of the water regime causes significant changes in metabolic processes [2]. In plants with moderate humidity, the total amount of water was found to fluctuate It is known that transpiration is one of the throughout the day. This is inextricably linked most important and necessary physiological to the intensity of transpiration. Depending on processes in plants, protecting plants from the amount of water consumed during overheating and dehydration in dry and hot transpiration, it is possible to determine the weather, as well as the movement of water water requirements and needs of a particular and water-soluble substances throughout the plant. A number of factors need to be plant body, gas exchange [3]. The considered when determining the amount of temperature of a highly trans pirated leaf is water used for transpiration. These include about 7 °C lower than that of a non-trans the mass and volume of the root system, the pirated withered leaf [4]. mass of the plant surface organs, the osmotic pressure of the stem cell sap, depth of The water consumption of a plant for groundwater, amount of precipitation, air transpiration is mainly determined by solar temperature and relative humidity, soil energy and soil moisture. The intensity of moisture reserve, the value of water potential transpiration varies depending on the time of of plants, etc. The intensity of transpiration year and day, meteorological conditions, determines the condition of the mouthparts biological properties of plants, cultivation and the amount of water in the leaves as well technology and other factors [5]. as the level of water supply to the plants. In some cases, as a result of rapid dehydration of It is known that transpiration in leaves is one the leaves, the mouthpieces become unable of the important physiological processes, to control water consumption. As a result, the especially in the study of plant growth and photosynthetic activity of the leaves development in areas where water scarcity is decreases [8]. observed. Transpiration ensures not only the evaporation of water through the leaf, but The US A Journals Volume 03 Issue 05-2021 29 The American Journal of Agriculture and Boimedical Engineering IMPACT FACTOR (ISSN – 2689-1018) 2021: 5. 554 Published: May 31, 2021| Pages: 28-35 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/Volume03Issue05-06 OCLC - 1121105746 Accelerated transpiration in conditions of care was carried out in accordance with the water scarcity leads to the appearance of measures recommended