LEXICO-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF UZBEK-ENGLISH ANTHROPONYMS

Аннотация

В этой статье рассматриваются лексико- семантические особенности антропонимов, их происхождение и этимология. Также, анализируются антропонимы в примерах узбекскo- английских фамилий. Ключевые слова: имя, фамилия, кличка, псевдоним, профессия, время и пространство, общество, полигенез. Аннотация: Ушбу мақолада антропонимларнинг лексик-семантик хусусиятлари, уларнинг келиб чиқиши ва этимологияси хусусида фикр юритилган. Шунингдек, антропонимлар ўзбек ва инглиз исм-шарифлари мисолида таҳлил қилинган. Калит сўзлар: исм-шариф, лақаб, тахаллус,касб-ҳунар, макон ва замон, жамият, полигенез. "Surnames can reveal a lot about your family history, but they can also be a mine of misinformation," writes Paul Blake in his article. [6;] Have you ever wondered where your last name came from, or when and why people started using them? While I was taking a class on "Family Names" in the Gateway textbook, I came across an article about English surnames and their origins. I became interested Выпуск журнала №-18 Часть–6_ Январь –2025 155 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT in the topic and decided to study it. In English-speaking countries, surnames are usually called "last name" (literally, "last name"), or "surname", because the first name is written first, followed by the surname. I have even seen some writers refer to a given name as "given name" (literally, "name given at birth") or "forenames" (literally, "name that comes before"). The word surname comes from the Anglo- Norman words surname and Old French sornom, which in turn come from the medieval Latin words supernomen and supranomen. [P.1,6] G. Redmond in his book "Surnames in Genealogy: A New Approach" says: "In my opinion, all genealogists should study in detail the surname they are studying; they should study how widespread it was at different times and form an idea of its history. This should always be considered in the light of other surnames and place names in the community. If this means acquiring new skills and joining other disciplines, then the genealogist's contribution to our society will ultimately be to solve our long-standing historical problems." [4; P. 194]. I agree with him, because there are a number of unresolved problems related to Uzbek surnames. ‘What is a name? If only a wise man knew it.’ Whoever wrote these famous words must have got it right – in England alone there are about 45,000 different surnames – each with its own history. [P.6] Irish, Welsh and Highland names are largely derived from Gaelic personal names, and traditional English and Highland surnames also reflect medieval society. [2] A surname is the name that you and all your family members have and that you pass on from generation to generation. Is a surname widespread in Great Britain? This probably indicates polygenesis, when the surname has developed several times separately and the bearers of the surname are not related to each other. [P. 3-10] In Uzbek linguistics, some work has been done to study the system of proper names. In particular, E. Begmatov, N. Husanov, G. Sattorov, S. Rakhimov, I. Khudoynazarov, R. Khudoyberganov and others have made a worthy contribution to the collection of materials on Uzbek anthroponyms, the study of their lexical and semantic properties, linguistic structure, ethnographic and motivational meanings of Выпуск журнала №-18 Часть–6_ Январь –2025 156 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT names, the observation of the specific aspects of Uzbek regional anthroponymy, and the compilation of orthographic and explanatory dictionaries of names. However, such problems as the emergence and development of Uzbek anthroponymy, the nominative properties of names, the motivational foundations of naming, the role of linguistic and non-linguistic principles, and the scientific study of anthroponymy from a sociological perspective still await relevant researchers. Without studying the system of names from a sociological perspective, it is impossible to scientifically substantiate the origin of anthroponyms, the development, enrichment, and changing characteristics of the anthroponym system [P.2]. I have come to realize that in European countries people can carry the same surname for an entire generation, while Uzbeks can change their surnames every generation. Many Uzbek surnames are of Arabic or Persian origin - Muhammadov, Tal'atov, Bekhzodov and Mirzayev, for example, are formed by adding the suffixes "-ov", "-ev" for men and "-ova", "eva" for women to the name of their grandfather. However, English and Uzbek women can keep their surnames after marriage or replace them with the surnames of their husbands. The tradition of adding the suffixes "-ov", "-ova", "-eva", "-eva" to surnames originated in the Soviet Union and was inherited from the former Soviet Union, and this tradition still continues in post- Soviet countries. But the sources of English names are almost endless: nicknames, physical characteristics, counties, trades, and almost everything else known to man