THE RELEVANCE OF SPIRITUAL, MORAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH AS A SIGNIFICANT TASK OF THE SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SPHERE

Аннотация

The article considers the place and role of cultural globalization in the context of the problem of realizing the educational potential of art. The functional possibilities and prospects for the development of the aesthetic culture of the individual are determined, including in the process of interaction of cultures of different peoples. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the artistic culture of youth. Key words: cultural globalization, artistic culture, national culture, universal culture, functions of culture, art, formation of aesthetic need, aesthetic taste, worldview, national originality, national and cultural identity. The fundamental reform of all spheres of the socio-economic and spiritual-cultural life of our country is aimed, first of all, at ensuring stability, well-being of the people and a high spiritual and moral level of all citizens of the republic and, first of all, the younger generation. 1 30 4 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ In this regard, higher education is tasked with training specialists who think in a new way, meet modern requirements of personnel of a new formation, active participants in all innovative processes taking place in the country. The reforms carried out in the country, changes in the foreign policy of the state contributed to the expansion of international contacts, as a result of which the need for social and humanitarian personnel has increased. In the modern world, there is a growing tendency to actualize the problem of globalization - the process of integration of states and peoples in various fields of activity. In this context, the problem of cultural globalization, national and cultural identity, which is directly related to the ethnic and national culture and mentality of entire countries and peoples, is becoming more acute. It would seem that globalization should serve as a kind of conductor for interaction and mutual enrichment of different cultures in the process of equal dialogue, but in reality we see unification and stereotypes, standardization of culture, its mass character, loss of its originality, individuality, commercialization of literature, art, stamping of intellectual goods, narrowing of the field of cultural values [ 1], as a result of which low-quality, primitive works appear. All this leads to a violation of the criteria of artistry, the emergence of artificial standards, and, as a consequence, a distortion of the aesthetic tasks and functions of art. The cultural and historical heritage, which has accumulated ethnographic, spiritual, moral, religious meanings, and the continuity of national and cultural identity, is ignored. The above actualizes the tasks of art related to its educational function, formation of artistic consciousness, general cultural worldview, aesthetic worldview, aesthetic taste and the need of the individual to know and master different layers of artistic culture. Hence, the importance of raising the level of spirituality of youth, its culture as the most important socio- pedagogical problem increases. The main core and spiritual potential of creative development of the individual is artistic culture and its most important component - art. In the conditions of cultural globalization, restructuring of socio-economic relations, artistic culture is of particular value. The process of formation of artistic culture of youth will be more effective if we implement a comprehensive impact of all types of art on its emotional- volitional sphere [2] (intellect follows the lead of emotions). It is advisable to implement such functions of artistic culture as aesthetic (development of a sense of beauty, aesthetic taste, aesthetic consciousness), ideological (to evaluate the ideological position of the author, his worldview), cognitive (to discover historical facts, the psychology of the author, to learn the subtleties of his worldview), communicative (art as a conductor of knowledge, feelings, a means of spiritual communication), educational (development of a spiritual, integral personality, universal human values, understanding of humanistic categories of goodness, beauty, etc.) A person comes into contact with works of art from early childhood. Thus, a mother puts the power of her love into a lullaby, satisfying the child's need for security. According to researchers, lullabies largely contribute to the development of a person's spirituality and form a positive personal potential. Lullabies harmoniously combine elements of oral folk art and the spiritual world of the mother. 1 30 5 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ Starting from early school age, students should be introduced to the most important layer of artistic culture - folk art: folk crafts, folklore, folk traditions, customs, early and modern traditional art (architec