THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN SOCIETY

Аннотация

Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются технологии моделирования человеческого мозга, которые широко используются в анализе данных, добыче данных и принятии решений. В обществе искусственные нейронные сети приносят революционные изменения в экономику, здравоохранение, образование, транспорт, повседневную жизнь и другие сферы. С помощью этих технологий повышается эффективность производства, медицинская диагностика становится более точной, образование индивидуализируется, а автоматизированные транспортные системы работают эффективно. Однако они также поднимают этические, социальные и экономические вопросы. В статье рассматриваются положительные и Выпуск журнала №-26 Часть–6_ Май –2025 193 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT отрицательные воздействия искусственных нейронных сетей на общество и обсуждаются необходимые меры для их будущего развития. Ключевые слова: искусственные нейронные сети, активность человечес- кого мозга, технологии моделирования, экономика, здравоохранение, обра- зование, транспорт, революционные изменения, медицинская диагностика, индивидуализация образования, автоматизированные транспортные системы, этический, социальный, экономический. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are gaining a significant role in society. A neural network is a technology based on modeling the activity of a neural network in accordance with its own behavior, capable of learning from various databases and performing complex tasks. This technology is widely used in practice, primarily, in the fields of medicine, healthcare, education, transportation and many other areas. The article analyzes the role of artificial neural networks in society and the changes, advantages and socio-economic impacts they have brought about. The principle of operation of artificial neural networks. Artificial neural networks, as their name suggests, imitate the structure of the human brain. While the brain is made up of neurons, an artificial neural network is made up of a collection of interconnected "neurons". Each neuron receives input, processes it, and transmits the resulting output. The learning process is carried out either between neurons or within the network itself. The network "learns" based on the information and gains experience, which helps it to perform new and complex tasks. The main parts of a neural network are as follows: Input layers - Incoming data is fed into the network in this layer. Hidden layers - Data is processed through hidden layers, and the learning process of the network continues. Output layers - The final result of the network, a classification or prediction, is produced in this layer. Выпуск журнала №-26 Часть–6_ Май –2025 194 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT The network changes its parameters (such as weights and intercepts) as it processes data, which allows it to work more accurately and efficiently. Role in society. Economic development. Artificial neural networks are bringing about major changes in the economic sphere. They help automate production processes, increase efficiency, and optimize resources. For example, automated systems or thick production lines, quality control, and inventory processes become more efficient, reducing costs and speeding up production. Neural networks are also used in the financial sector, for example, in making decisions on credit applications, detecting fraud, and analyzing investments. Banks and financial institutions use AI to make quick and accurate decisions, which allows them to improve their customer service. Healthcare. In healthcare, artificial neural networks are making revolutionary strides. They are used to analyze medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, or ultrasounds. Neural networks can detect and diagnose various diseases at an early stage. For example, neural networks have been very effective in detecting oncological diseases, such as cancer, in medical images. In addition, AI is also used in genome analysis and genetic diseases. The role of artificial intelligence in developing personalized medical treatment approaches is increasing, but this mindless learning helps to improve health. Education. In the field of education, artificial neural networks help to create learning systems that are adapted to students. But first of all, they organize services and develop customized learning programs, determining their speed. Such systems allow students to manage their own learning processes, and also help teachers implement an individual approach to each student. In addition, SNTs are used in online learning platforms, for example, in video lessons or in data classification. But they increase the efficiency of learning and allow students to be provided with the necessary information in a timely manner. Transport and logistics. Artificial neural networks are also widely used in the transport and logistics sectors. For example, autonomous transport systems, i.e. self- driving cars, work with the he