JADID MARIFATPARVARI-MUNAVVARQORI ABDURASHIDKHANOV

Аннотация

Activities of Turkestan jadids, opening of jadid schools, manifestations of jadidism, Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov's life and work in jadidism, written works, Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov made many efforts in the path of enlightenment. KEY WORDS: Jadidchilik, Abdulla Qadiri, Cholpon, Fitrat, Muslim Khan teacher, "Oyna" magazine, "Khurshid" newspaper, "Maktab", "Nashriyot" companies. The last 130 years of the history of the Uzbek nation were spent in the "white" and "red" kingdoms. The tsarist and soviet states, who set themselves the goal of plundering the material and cultural wealth of the Uzbek land, were the leading representatives of the people who lived in that period - those who wanted to see it free and liberated, and who worked in this way. destroyed continuously. As a result of such a terrible policy, the generations did not know the great figures who emerged from the Uzbek people in the 20th century for many years. The name of those who burnt themselves for Eli and carried the beacon with their blood will never be forgotten. No matter how much the politicians condemn such people, they themselves remain a shame in front of the country, history and time. After all, both country and history cherish selfless people in their hearts. One of such figures that our nation has passed on from generation to generation is writer, poet, pedagogue, public figure Munavvargari Abdurashidkhanov. Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov is one of the great figures of the Uzbek people born in the difficult 20th century, like F. Khojaev, Abdulla Qadiri, Cholpon, Fitrat. In the years of tsarism and bolshevism, which befell our nation, Munavvarqori was a guiding star who spread the seeds of enlightenment and freedom, liberty and freedom in the hearts of our people and nation, and illuminated the turbulent paths of the country's life, according to the wisdom of "I am with you: you are with me". was "Munavvar" means enlightened, radiant. In Turkey, even now, this word is used instead of an intellectual. They said that "Qori" is the one who recites the Qur'an in a solemn way. He was born in an enlightened family in Tashkent and grew up worthy of his name. It is known from the documents that he was born and raised in the neighborhood of Darkhan, Shaikhontohur. His father, Abdurashidkhan Sotiboldikhan Olimkhan, was a mudarris, and he opened a school in Eshankuli dodhoh madrasah in the neighborhood where he lived and taught 40 students. His mother Khosiatkhan Atin also taught women in her yard. Abdurashidkhan and Khosiyat had three sons. The eldest was Azam Khan, the middle one was Muslim Khan, and the youngest was Munavvar Khan. Azam Khan taught children in the neighborhood school. In 1910, he wrote to the Inspector of Educational Institutions of Syrdarya region asking for permission to open a modern school and the curriculum was preserved. According to the application and the program, he taught children at the level of four grades. Munavvarqori compiled the curriculum. The fate of teacher Muslim Khan was different. He tasted all the oppression and oppression of the Shura government. Although he 97 ILM-FAN VA INNOVATSIYA ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI in-academy.uz/index.php/si worked as a teacher for eight years, like his older brother and younger brother, for the next nine years he was the imam of the Mirza Abdullaboy mosque in the neighborhood, and his life was always in danger. Domla Muslim Khan was imprisoned on January 27, 1942 on charges of revealing state secrets. The investigators sent him to a special assembly (osoboe soveshanie) to sentence him to be shot. But since there were no evidences confirming his crime, the days spent in prison were counted as punishment, and he was released on November 28, 1942. He died at the age of 69 while working as an ordinary worker in different places. As a young child, Munavvarkhan received his initial education from his mother, and when he learned to read and write, he took lessons from the schoolmaster Usman, who had reached maturity at that time, and grew up under the influence of his brothers. After completing the Noble Qur'an and receiving the title of "Kari", he realized that he still could not get into science well. He studied at the "Yunuskhan Podsho" madrasa for several years, but was not satisfied with the knowledge he received. In 1898, he went to Bukhara and continued his studies in hadith, jurisprudence, science of interpretation and other fields. From a young age, Munavvar began to think about the fate of the Motherland, the social life of the people, the "white king" and his policy of colonization, Russification, and destruction of the religion of Islam. Munavvarqori decided to open a new school based on the "usuli jadid" - "usuli savtiya" (sound method) founded by Ismailbek Gaspirali in the Crimea in the 90s of the last century. In 1901, at the age of 23, Munavvarqori opened the first school of Savtiya method in Tashkent. In the mentioned period, together with Tatars, Crimean