PRAGMATIC POLYFUNCTIONALITY OF WORDS

Аннотация

the article deals with the analysis of the context determined functional polysemy of discourse markers which help communicators during the processes of discourse generation, actualization and perception. The research is based on Russian and English academic speech and the materials of the National Russian Corpus. Functional polysemy, a characteristic feature of many discourse markers both in Russian and English, is realized on two levels – beyond the pragmatic functions of these words and within them. Key words: discourse markers, polysemy, functional polysemy, Russian language, English language, desemantization. The text includes the language means of transmission is the main one for the implementation of the speech idea of informations and language aids to this to perceive the information. Auxiliary function conjunctions, prepositions, particles – service women's words; recently, special attention is also applied to those means performed in language not only a purely service function, but also used in text to express logical connections (however, after all, in general), the order of presentation thoughts (firstly, further), the degree of their reliability (of course, apparently), the author's relationship to his soby tiyu, expressed, specific word (interesting, it is important to take into account, in short), etc. Such funds are called discursive words [1; 2], or discour sivami. Discoursives are verbal modes of expression auxiliary function in communication. To these include special lexical units: words, collocations and stable speech revolutions (inog yes sentences), the function of which is to assistance to communicants in the process of creating discourse, its implementation and perception. Discursives wear transcategory harakter: these include particles, interjections, introductory words and expressions, conjunctions, as well as the words "banners" full parts of speech (verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs). Unification criterion all these heterogeneous units in one discourse class sives is their general function related to regula by casting and organization of the communication process. We believe that this function should be considered a support genial in relation to the main function, holy zannoy with the expression communicative units factual, propositive information. For us discursives are units primarily function of a nalo pragmatic level. Discursive functions differ significantly a manifold. They can be conditionally divided into two groups: regulatory and organizational of character. Regulatory functions are related to the expression of different degree of reliability of the statement ( as if surely, perhaps), additional meanings (even, only, even, just), of one's opinion (on my opinion, I think, I think, I believe), assessments of soder burning (important, interesting, that's important, it's significant) and speech (so-called, in short, in other words, metaphorically speaking), emotion o attitude (fortunately, hopefully), by perfection speech actions (we are talking about, I am now calling you. Organizational functions are manifested at the level of not sentences and at the level of text and discourse. On the level of the discursive sentence connects several to sentences or their parts are signals of logic relationship (however, 120 ILM-FAN VA INNOVATSIYA ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI in-academy.uz/index.php/si however), introduction of example (for example, for example), adding information (also, in addition), word search (well, means well). At the discourse level, discoursives point to its components: the beginning (well, let's start with the first process, we'll start with), transitions from theme to theme (now, as for; now; then), conclusion (so, on this we are finishing, to sum up), sequence and the consistency of topics, ideas (first, finally, one part is, fi nally), referred to fragments of the same text (as noted, as I've been shown) or of unknown information (as you know, as we all know). Discursive analysis in Russian and English scientific speech showed the dependence of many parameters moat of their use (total frequency, frequency the nature and peculiarities of the use of individual sub types) from oral or written form of speech, in dividend preferences and the attitude of the author, the level of spontaneity/preparedness of the text (in oral speech), a type of scientific discipline. Are noted and some national-cultural features use of discoursives in Russian and English speech [3; 4]. One discursive can have several different or similar pragmatic functions that retare licked either simultaneously or one at a time (isoli even) in different contexts, and this testifies to about ambiguity or, more precisely, polyfunctionalti discursive units. Many linguists tend to to distinguish between the polyfunctionality of the two types [5–7]. In case of simultaneous expression of two or more functions we are talking about syncretism discourse of the sycophantic word. (exactly, I emphasize, actual