ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION

Аннотация

In this article, the sustainable development of any country or region today directly depends on the level of social and economic development being implemented in its territories. In particular, in order to effectively solve such priority tasks as reducing regional disparities, rational use of resources, and improving the living standards of the population, there is an increasing need for in-depth study and assessment of the level of socio-economic development of regions. Keywords: socio-economic, development, level, assessment, territory, opportunity, problem, resources, distribution, infrastructure, employment rate, investments, volume, indicators of population well-being, state policy, adaptation to local conditions, strategic decision, interregional imbalance. The methodology for assessing the socio-economic development of regions, key indicators, assessment methods, international experience and practical analysis on the example of Uzbekistan are considered. The main goal of the article is to develop scientific and practical recommendations for studying and improving the methods used in assessing regional development. The concept and theoretical foundations of territorial development. The concept of territorial development. Territorial development means the harmonious development of social, economic, demographic and ecological processes in a given geographical area. This development is closely related not only to economic growth, but also to the well-being of the population, living conditions, the state of the education and healthcare system. The concept of territorial development indicates that economic achievements should be achieved not only in large centers, but also in all regions. The concept of territorial development in economics has developed rapidly since the second half of the 20th century. In this direction, the theoretical developments of such scientists as A. Lösch, W. Christaller, F. Perroux, G. Myrdal have gained significant importance. In particular, the center-periphery model (G. Myrdal) and the theory of growth points (F. Perroux) have created scientific foundations for analyzing and reducing differences between regions. Factors influencing territorial development. Factors influencing regional development include: Economic factors: production potential, investment volume, industrial and agricultural development, availability of infrastructure; Social factors: population size, labor resources, employment level, quality of education and healthcare system; Geographical factors: location, availability of natural resources, transport and communication links; Administrative and political factors: territorial governance system, territorial orientation of state policy; Innovative factors: research and development activities, level of technology introduction. Territorial imbalance and the need to reduce it 940 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 5 One of the problems observed in most countries is territorial imbalance. That is, some regions are developing economically at a rapid pace, while others remain at a slow development stage. This situation creates social inequality, migration pressure and economic imbalances in society. To reduce interregional imbalance, it is important to take the following measures: - sustainable development of infrastructure; - strengthening local production potential; - distribution of state investments in priority areas; - support for regional economic specialization. Key indicators of socio-economic development. The indicators used to assess the level of socio-economic development reflect factors such as the standard of living of the population in the region, economic activity, infrastructure, and the quality of social services. These indicators are important in determining overall economic stability, formulating state policy, and analyzing disparities between regions. Economic indicators. The following main indicators are used to assess economic development: Gross regional product (GRP): the total value of goods and services produced in the region. This indicator reflects the economic potential of the region. Volume of industrial and agricultural output: indicates the level of development in the main sectors of production. Volume and composition of investments: direct foreign and domestic investments, their distribution by sector. Foreign trade turnover: the volume and structure of export-import operations. Small business and private entrepreneurship: the number of newly established entities, their share in production. Social indicators. The level of social development is assessed by the following criteria: Employment and unemployment rate: the ratio of the employed population to the total population. Average wages and real incomes: an important factor in determining the purchasing power and well-being of the population. Health system status: number of doctors, number of medical institutions, life expectancy, maternal and child mortality rates