MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE FOOT

Аннотация

This article presents data where the parameters of the foot in children with scoliosis are studied. The study involved 200 children with scoliosis. Using the method of 3D computer photometry with graphoanalytic interpretation of the image and system analysis, anatomical parameters such as length, width, angle of the 1st and 5th fingers, heel angle were obtained. An automated complex for screening and express diagnostics of flat feet in children with scoliosis has been developed. Keywords:childrens, scoliosis,flat feet, computer plantography, digital photometry. Scoliosis is called a biological tragedy of humanity. With scoliosis, there are violations not only ofthe functions ofthe musculoskeletal system [1, 2].The problem offunctional diagnosis offoot injury and disease is relevant in the choice of tactics and methods of treatment and evaluation of its effectiveness. Among the various deformities of the lower extremities, the most common is flat feet, characterized by flattening of the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot in combination with rotation around the longitudinal axis, as well as its withdrawal [3, 4, 5]. The predominance of flat feet in the structure of foot pathology indicates the need to improve the methods of diagnosing this condition. Early diagnosis of flat feet is very important when conducting dispensary examinations of children in preschool and school educational institutions, insports medicine, forthetimely prediction of athletes 'health disorders. From the available literature sources, it is known that the longitudinal arch of the foot and its spring function in children are formed by the end of the 4th year of life [6,7,8]. However, we assumethat thelongitudinal arch of thefoot continues toform in subsequent age periods, Diagnosis of foot pathology is traditionally based on several non-automated methods: visual, podometric, X-ray, plantographic, etc. In recent years, automated diagnostic methods have been increasingly used to assess the height of the arch of the foot and the degree of its flatness. In particular, there is a technique that allows you to assess the nature of foot deformity using strain- gauge platforms[9, 10]. However, the latter method requires the manufacture of a special device containing a matrix of load cells, which complicates the design of the diagnostic device. Another technique uses a foot image obtained using a flatbed scanner with a CCD sensor. However, this technique does not allow us to assess the nature of changes occurring in different parts of the foot [11,12,13]. The aim of the study. The goal of the study was to develop an automated system for screening andrapid diagnosis of flat feet in children with scoliosis. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue3,2025 830 Materials and research methods. In this work, a new method for diagnosing flat feet has been successfully tested, based on the analysis of foot images obtained using an upgraded software and hardware complex (PAC) for assessing the morphofunctional state of the human body (digital 3D photometrograph). The image of the foot was obtained using a computer photoplantograph using the technology of projection transposition photometry, the body of which is reinforced and able to withstand the weight of the human body. The measurement is performed in a standing position. The subject putsbothfeet onthesurface ofthe 3Dcomputer photoplantograph first, and thenalternately each one separately, the object (foot) is photographed sequentially from all sides (front, back, sides, top), which allows you to get the required number (6 pcs.) of rating images with minimal preliminary positional and manual marking.The developed diagnostic program analyzes the obtained images of the foot by the graphoanalytic method, which is widely used in medical practice. In this case, the program selects several key points on the image of the foot, and then calculates the distances between the points, as well as the angles by which the degree of longitudinal and transverse flat feet is determined. The diagnostic results are displayed on the screen andcan beexported to theMicrosoft Wordword processor for latersaving and printing. The program allows you to determine the condition of various parts of the foot. The condition of the forefoot is characterized by the following indicators: the angle of NAP-deviation of the 1st finger (if the angle of NAP is less than 18°, then the medial part of the foot is normal; with NAP more than or equal to 18°, there is a transverse spreading); the angle of QBR-deviation of the 5th finger (if QBR is less than 12°, then the lateral part of the foot is normal, while with QBR more than orequal to12°,there is atransverse spreading). The condition of the middle part of thefoot is characterized by the indicator K, where K = X / Y, where X is the width of the painted part of the print along the line VV’, Y is the width of the outer part of the longitudinal arch of the foot. The degree of lon