“SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WHOLE - PART RELATIONSHIPS RELATED TO HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH”

Аннотация

This paper studies general semantic and lexicographic properties of meronymic elements which are related to household appliances in Uzbek and English. The study examines how household appliance terms are named in the two languages, their division into different parts, how whole-part relations are reflected in dictionaries, and how they express the cultural and logical features of both languages. It also shows how linguistic changes occur when using the meronymic system to represent the structure of an object. The thesis determines the similarities and differences between English and Uzbek and is prepared using the method of contrastive, lexicographic and corpus analysis. Key words: semantic characteristics, English, Uzbek, lexicography, semantic analysis, meronym, home appliances, and language comparison Annotatsiya: Ushbu tadqiqot oʻzbek va ingliz tillarida uy ro‘zg’ (maishiy texnika) bilan bogʻliq meronimik birliklarning semantik va leksikografik xususiyatlarini oʻrganadi. Tadqiqotda maishiy texnika atamalarining ikki tilda qanday nomlanishi, ularning turli qismlarga bo‘linishi, meronimlarning lug‘atlarda qanday aks etishi, har ikki tilning madaniy va mantiqiy xususiyatlarini qanday ifodalashi o‘rganiladi. Bundan tashqari, ob'ekt tuzilishini ifodalash uchun meronomik tizimdan foydalanganda qanday lingvistik o'zgarishlar sodir bo'lishini ko'rsatadi. Maqolada ingliz tili va o‘zbek tili o‘rtasidagi o‘xshashlik va farqlar yoritilgan va kontrastli, leksikografik va corpusli tahlillar usulidan foydalangan holda tayyorlangan. Kalit so‘zlar: semantik xususiyatlari, Ingliz, o‘zbek, leksikografiya, semantik tahlil, meronim, uy-ro‘zg’or buyumlari (maishiy texnika) va til taqqoslash. Introduction: In linguistics, whole -part relations (meronyms) are of vital importance in the study of the semantic connection between an object and its components. Meronyms are relationships that form an object hierarchy from the whole to the parts. As a practical manifestation of the meronymic system, expressions related to household appliances, i.e. household items, which are often used in everyday life, are especially important. This article compares the lexical composition, methods of reflection and semantic properties of meronymic units expressing the function of household appliances, in particular, the whole object related to our daily life, in Uzbek and English dictionaries. Terms for common household objects such as a table, a sofa and a door, as well as the names and constructions of their components, are the main topics of analysis. The aim of the article was to show the logical and cultural foundations of meronyms and to show the similarities and contrasts between them in the English and Uzbek lexical systems. 96 ILM-FAN VA INNOVATSIYA ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI in-academy.uz/index.php/si Methods: The use meronyms as language elements in linguistics, especially in our daily life part and to study them analytically as a separate topic has been highlighted by English researchers in their scientific works in the form of practical examples. In world linguistics, the scientist M.V. Nikitin [11:1988] who covered the concept of meronym in a broader sense, introduced the study of the whole and its partial elements as semantic-structural meaning individuality into the science.[22:1996] In Uzbek linguistics, B. Kilichev,[3:2019] A. Sobirov [2:2019] were the first to speak about the concepts of meronym (part-whole) relations, and H. Nematov and R. Rasulov, B. Kilichev [17:1986] and H. Jamolkhonov [4:2005] provided information in their research works about “partonyms” expand the vocabulary.[6:2005] D. A. Kolodka [8:1971]; N. Kuzmenka [21:2020]; V.Zakharov [9:2005] and E. O.Materinski [7:2019] are also known as researchers who have widely promoted the scope of research on both linguistic and cognitive principles of the meronymic concept. Today, many Uzbek researchers and researchers are conducting extensive research on meronymic words. In this regard, B. Kilichev “Whole-Part Relationships Between Words in Lexicon”, Eshmuminov A.A.[1:2023] “Formation of a linguistic base of taxonomic and meronymic related lexemes for Uzbek language corpora” who contributed to the research on meronymy and its various aspects, such as its classification, lexical representation, and cross-lingusitics features in English and Uzbek. their works have laid a foundation for understanding how part-whole relationships are encoded in different languages and how these relationships can be systematically described in lexicographic and corpus-based studies. S.U.Mustafaeva [6:2025] has explained clear explanation about the use of meronymy in Uzbek and English in her “Uzbek and English dialects are used as examples to illustrate the problems with vocabulary creation in meronymy”. In presenting this work on the basis of theoretical ideas and in examples of their practical analysis. The theoretical analyses in our study are underpinned by the following key methodologies: a