STUDYING ENGLISH AND UZBEK IRONY THROUGH COMPARATIVE SEMANTIC ANALYSIS

Аннотация

Это исследование направлено на изучение использования иронии в английском и узбекском языках через сравнительный семантический подход. 71-son 2 –to’plam May 2025 Sahifa: 285 Ustozlar uchun pedagoglar.org Ирония, как риторическое средство, передающее значения, противоположные их буквальному толкованию, будет рассмотрена с точки зрения её структуры, интерпретации и выражения в этих двух языках. Исследование фокусируется на тонких различиях и сходствах в том, как ирония структурируется и используется в английском и узбекском языках, учитывая культурные и контекстуальные факторы, влияющие на её применение. Сравнив формы иронии в обеих языках, исследование стремится выявить способы, которыми носители разных языков и культур используют иронию, предоставляя ценные инсайты о её роли в коммуникации, юморе и социальной интеракции в различных языковых средах. Ключевые слова: Ирония, английский язык, узбекский язык, сравнительная семантика, риторические приёмы, культурный контекст, лингвистический анализ, прагматика, косвенная коммуникация, вербальная ирония, юмор, социальное взаимодействие, межкультурная коммуникация Annotatsiya. Ushbu tadqiqot ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida ironiya foydalanishini taqqosiy semantik yondashuv orqali o‘rganishni maqsad qilgan. Iroaniya, ma'nolari to'g'ridan-to'g'ri talqiniga qarama-qarshi bo‘lgan ritorik vosita sifatida, bu ikki tilda uning qanday shakllanishi, talqin qilinishi va ifodalanishi nuqtai nazaridan o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida ironiyaning qanday tuzilganligi va ishlatilishini, uning kontekstual va madaniy omillari bilan bog‘liq farqlarini va o‘xshashliklarini tahlil qilishga e'tibor qaratadi. Ikkala tilda ironiya shakllarini solishtirgan holda, tadqiqot turli tildagi va madaniyati bo‘lgan odamlarning ironiya ishlatish usullarini ochib berishni maqsad qiladi va bu orqali ironiya, muloqot, hazil va ijtimoiy o‘zaro aloqalar roli haqida foydali tushunchalar taqdim etadi. Kalit so’zlar: Ironiya, ingliz tili, o‘zbek tili, taqqosiy semantika, ritorik vositalar, madaniy kontekst, lingvistik tahlil, pragmatika, bilvosita muloqot, og‘zaki ironiya, hazil, ijtimoiy o‘zaro ta’sir, madaniyatlararo muloqot Introduction. Irony is a pervasive rhetorical device used in languages across the world. It allows speakers and writers to convey meanings that are often opposite to their 71-son 2 –to’plam May 2025 Sahifa: 286 Ustozlar uchun pedagoglar.org literal expressions, creating a form of communication that is not only sophisticated but also culturally rich. The study of irony has gained significant attention in the fields of linguistics, literature, and communication, as it plays a crucial role in both verbal and non- verbal exchanges. In this research, the focus is placed on a comparative semantic analysis of irony in two distinct languages—English and Uzbek. Despite both languages sharing a broad concept of irony, the way it is constructed, perceived, and utilized varies greatly due to differences in cultural contexts, linguistic structures, and social norms. Irony is a multifaceted linguistic phenomenon. It can be understood as a mode of expression where the intended meaning contrasts with the surface meaning of the words used. In verbal irony, the speaker says something but means the opposite, often as a form of humor, criticism, or subtle communication. In both English and Uzbek, irony serves as a tool for social interaction, enabling speakers to express disapproval, mock, or demonstrate wit without direct confrontation. However, the ways in which irony is employed are not always identical across languages. The structure of irony in English, for instance, often relies heavily on intonation, context, and the listener's ability to recognize the discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. In contrast, Uzbek, with its distinct syntactic and lexical features, may employ different markers to convey irony, and the subtleties of irony might vary depending on the socio-cultural background of the speaker and audience. This study aims to examine these differences and similarities by comparing how irony is semantically constructed and interpreted in English and Uzbek. By conducting a comparative semantic analysis, the research will explore how irony manifests in both languages at various levels—phonological, syntactic, and pragmatic. The primary objective is to gain a deeper understanding of the nuances in how irony functions in these two linguistically and culturally distinct settings. Through this comparison, the research will also investigate the role of cultural context in shaping the use and perception of irony. Cultural nuances influence the recognition and effectiveness of irony, as certain expressions may be interpreted differently depending on cultural norms and values. An essential aspect of irony that will be examined in this study is its relationship with humor and social interaction. Irony is often used to generate humor, but it can also be a subtle mechanism for ne