MOYAN'S CREATIVE HERITAGE: SOCIO-HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND LITERARY DEVELOPMENT

Аннотация

This article analyzes the formation, stages of development of the creative activity of Mo Yan, a major representative of modern Chinese literature, and its inextricable connection with the socio-historical background. It also highlights the writer's literary and aesthetic views, artisticprinciples, theharmony ofnationality anduniversality inhis work, and his contributionto thedevelopment ofChineseliterature. Keywords: Mo Yan, Chinese literature, socio-historical environment, national culture, magical realism, literary development. Mo Yan is one of the writers who has left a deep mark on modern Chinese literary thought. His artistic heritage is distinguished not only by its aesthetic beauty, but also by its social content, historical layers, and cultural semantics. He expressed the past, political changes, social problems, and cultural values ​ ​ of the Chinese people in unique artistic forms, defining new directions in literary development. Mo Yan's literary development was closely linked to the complex historical events, cultural politics, and fundamental changes in the public psyche of the second half ofthe20th century and thebeginning of the21stcentury. Socio-historical background:theroots ofthewriter's work Mo Yan (real name Guan Moye) was born in 1955 into a rural family in Shandong Province, China. His childhood and early youth coincided with the period of large-scale political movements in China, such as the “Great Leap Forward” and the “Cultural Revolution”. It was the historical events of this period - famine, repression, political tension and social problems - that left adeep mark onthe writer’s artistic thinking. In several ofhis interviews, Mo Yan admits that it was the tragic events he witnessed in his childhood, the patience of local people, traditions and oral stories that had a great influence on his formation as a writer. Therefore, his works depict local life scenes, historical realities and human experiences on a realistic basis, but at the sametimethey are enriched with artistry, symbolism and philosophical depth. Literary formation andstylisticapproaches Although realism was the dominant style in Mo Yan's early work, over time he began to widely use the artistic means characteristic of magical realism. Especially since the novel "The Red Turnip", elements of image and symbol, history and myth, reality and fantasy began to coexist in his works. This approach allows the reader to perceive events not only in their external form, but also at the level of inner meaning, spiritual and social awareness. In Mo Yan's works, legends, fairy tales, epics and folk tales become an integral part of the literary text. This feature indicates the writer's deep respect for folk oral literature and national culture and his desire to create a new https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue3,2025 547 artisticworld based onit. Socio-historical resonancein works Mo Yan's major novels - "Red Turnip", "Frog", "The Fatigue of Life and Death", "Mother's Milk and the Spirit" - artistically express various stages of Chinese history, in particular the most difficult years of the 20th century. For example, in the novel "Frog" the "one-child policy" in China is described in great depth with its social, moral and psychological aspects. This work reveals the general contradictions in society, the imbalance between humanity and state policy through thelifeofone person. Or in the novel "Red Turnip" the struggle against the Japanese invasion, local feudalism, love and family values, the national spirit, heroism and tragedy are harmoniously depicted against the background of love and family values. Through these novels, Mo Yan brings to life the painful, problematicand sacred pages ofChinesehistory in an artisticform. Roleandinfluenceinliterary development Mo Yan is known not only as an author of works of art, but also as the creator of a literary and aesthetic school. His creative legacy serves as a source of inspiration for young writers, critics and scholars. Mo Yan became one of the writers who brought Chinese literature to the international level. His nomination for the Nobel Prize in 2012 is the highest stage of this recognition. The writer's unique language, unique style, love for the life of the people and his desire to penetrate the most delicate aspects of the human soul made him one of the greatest representatives of modern Chineseliterature. Mo Yan's creative legacy is one of the most rich examples of artistic experience related to China's socio-historical processes. In his works, he highly illuminated the life of the people, cultural values, historical events and personal experiences through symbolic, philosophical and poetic means of depiction. Through his work, the reader not only witnesses artistic beauty, but is also encouraged to think about important questions facing humanity. In this sense, Mo Yan's creative work is an invaluable asset not only to Chinese but also to world literature. The images he cre