Arabic Loanwords in The Work "Nasoyim Ul-Muhabbat"

Аннотация

Alisher Navoi’s "Nasoyim ul-Muhabbat", written between 1495 and 1496, is a significant work inspired by Abdurahman Jami’s "Nafahat ul-uns". This article examines the extensive use of Arabic loanwords in Navoi’s text, highlighting their integration into the Uzbek language and their cultural and linguistic significance. Navoi, a prominent figure in Turkic literature, not only critiques Jami’s omission of certain sheikhs but also enriches the narrative with details about Turkic scholars and their contributions to Sufism, literature, and society. The study analyzes the lexicographical influence of Arabic on Uzbek, noting that 55-65% of the Uzbek lexicon consists of Arabic loanwords. Through examples like ilm, adab, and sabr, the article illustrates how Navoi’s work reflects the deep interplay between Arabic and Uzbek linguistic traditions, facilitated by his mastery of lexicology and adherence to Arab grammatical frameworks. Keywords: Alisher Navoi, Nasoyim ul-Muhabbat, Arabic loanwords, Uzbek language, Sufism, Lexicology, Turkic literature, Arabic grammar, Linguistic influence, Cultural integration. collection of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Introduction: Alisher Navoi's work "Nasoyimu-l Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan under inventory muhabbat" ("Breezes of Love") was written between numbers 3415, 857, 3420, 8514, and 1825. 1495 and 1496, influenced by Abdurahman Jami's "Nafahat ul-uns." In this work, Alisher Navoi critically METHODS examines Jami's text, noting that "they neither mention Alisher Navoi, renowned for creating excellent works in all the sheikhs of ancient times nor write about many Arabic and Persian, is considered a thinker who of their contemporaries, including themselves." He extensively composed in these languages. Among his emphasizes that "the work does not provide linguistic works, "Muhokamat-ul lug'otayn" stands out information about all the sheikhs who lived in earlier as a rare source aimed at comparing two languages: times." Navoi then proceeds to offer information about Persian and Uzbek, while also illuminating the potential "Turkic sheikhs" such as Jami, Lutfi, Ashraf Muflisi, of the Turkic language. Although Navoi does not Sheikh San'an, Nasir Khusraw, Nasimi, as well as Ahmad specifically focus on the Arabic language in this work, Yassavi and Suleiman Bakirgani. Notably, Navoi pays he adheres to the traditions of Arab grammarians when great attention not only to the Sufi views of the categorizing words into parts of speech and explaining individuals mentioned in this work but also to their their grammatical categories. Following this tradition, contributions to literature and culture, and most he divides parts of speech into three types: ismun, importantly, to illustrating their place in society. fe'lun, and harfun. The work "Nasoyimu-l muhabbat" is considered an As a result of the long-standing influence of Arabs and exceptionally important source for studying Alisher the coexistence of the two peoples, numerous Arabic Navoi's truly multifaceted creativity, including his words have entered our language. These words have philosophical, Sufi, religious, and didactic views, as well become so ingrained in the language that in many as his translation and research activities, and aesthetic cases, we consider them our own without knowing perspectives. This work has not been extensively their etymology. This phenomenon demonstrates that studied in Uzbek literary studies and linguistics. the Uzbek language has rapidly enriched and gradually Some of its copies are preserved in the manuscript developed not only through internal factors but also American Journal Of Philological Sciences 366 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) external influences. Despite the fact that the languages favor, present). of these two peoples belong to different linguistic Additionally, the work frequently features Arabic words typologies - genealogically, the "Indo-European" and such as: aazz - most precious; more precious; adabiy, "Turkic" language families, and morphologically, Arabic abadiyat, abbadat; abvob - doors, gates; abdol being an inflectional language and Uzbek an (worshippers, dervishes); (in Sufism, abdol refers to agglutinative one - they show a remarkably strong those who have reached the fifth level in the Sufi influence on each other. hierarchy), namely: Although the five-volume explanatory dictionary of the Imam Ahmad Hanbal said that Zakariya is from the Uzbek language contains more than eighty-five abdal. ("Nasoyimul-muhabbat," p. 52). thousand words, it would not be an exaggeration to say In addition, the work contains Arabic borrowings such that at least 55-65% of them consist of Arabic as adib, adim (unparalleled, unattainable); adl (justice, loanwords. Great thinkers like Navoi, of course, played justice, righteousness, correctness, truthfulness); a special role in facilitating the powerful influence adloyin