Definition of The Concept of Corruption in International Documents and Its Meaning as A Social Phenomenon

Аннотация

The article highlights the issues of defining the CITATION concept of corruption in international documents and analyzing it as a social phenomenon. It also provides a Kalbaeva Eldora Uzaqbaevna. (2025). Definition of The Concept of Corruption in International Documents and Its Meaning as A Social comprehensive analysis of the essence, forms, and Phenomenon. The American Journal of Political Science Law and negative consequences of corruption based on sources Criminology, 7(05), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume07Issue05-03 such as UN resolutions, Council of Europe documents, and the UN Convention against Corruption. The complexity of studying corruption from legal and COPYRIGHT © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms criminological perspectives, as well as its intrinsic of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. connection with disruptions in society and public administration, is also revealed. Keywords: Corruption, international documents, social phenomenon, criminology, public administration, offense. Introduction: Corruption is not only a state of offenses of certain individuals, but also a complex social phenomenon in the system of society and the state as a whole. In the current process of globalization, corruption is becoming one of the pressing issues as a serious threat not only at the national, but also at the international level. Therefore, the international community has adopted various international documents and conventions to combat corruption and eliminate its negative consequences. The concept of corruption is interpreted differently in various international legal documents, in which, as a general basis, corruption is assessed as a dangerous phenomenon that undermines the trust of citizens and disrupts the system of public administration. For the first time in international documents, the concept of corruption is addressed in the "Code of Conduct for Officials to Maintain Legal Protection," The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 8 https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajpslc The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology adopted by the UN General Assembly Resolution of In this regard, K.R. Abdurasulova and O. Kurbanov also December 17, 1979, which defines corruption as..."the expressed the opinion that "corruption is more an performance or inaction by an official of certain actions artificial social or criminological barrier than law, or inactions in exchange for remuneration in any form, therefore it should be considered not as a specific in the interests of the person giving this remuneration component of a crime, but as a collection of similar within the limits of his official powers, in violation or manifestations of a crime" [6, 37]. without violation of the relations of the job program" It should be noted that corruption is, first of all, a social [1, 12]. phenomenon. It arises and exists in the life of society in Also, the International Code of Ethics for Civil Servants, connection with governance, mainly state governance. adopted at the UN General Assembly's K.Baybulov, L.Sidikov, and A.Sidikov also expressed the Intercontinental Seminar on Corruption in Havana in opinion that "corruption, as a social phenomenon, is 1990, states that "corruption is the improper analyzed by the fact that a public official benefits and performance of official duties in the personal or group advantages in any form from their official status and interests of officials, as well as the illegal use of official other opportunities, as well as benefits and advantages duties by civil servants." In this form, it is shown that for individuals and legal entities" [7, 124]. From a the core of corruption is the organization of illegal use sociological point of view, corruption is assessed as a set of official powers. of deviant offenses [8, 154]. At the first session of the Council of Europe Group on The criminal-legal interpretation of corruption presents Corruption, held in Strasbourg on February 22-24, certain difficulties, since it does not yet have a 1995, it was defined as "corruption is the bribery of sufficiently substantiated concept. However, the fact officials of a state or private system to perform their that the official only took a bribe does not yet indicate duties in violation of their official powers." However, the existence of corruption. For example, an the concept of corruption is not limited to bribery and investigator or official who has received illegal bribery; it also encompasses official crimes. In the UN remuneration for initiating a criminal case commits a Convention against Corruption, the shortest, but most bribery. If the same investigator conspired with a comprehensive definition of corruption is given as criminal group and provided systematic assistance follows: "Corruption is the improper exercise of state (warning about high-level operations, assisting with power in the interests of persona