The Contribution of The Seljuk Dynasty to The Improvement of The Madrasah Educational Institution

Аннотация

This article provides information about the © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms reforms in the field of madrasah education which were of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. carried out by Seljuk sultans such as Alp Arslan (455/1063-465/1072), Malik-Shah (465/1072- 485/1092), Sanjar (511/1118-552/1157) and prime minister Nizam al-Mulk (455/1063-485/1092). The process of establishing madrasahs throughout the territories of Seljuk sultanate was also illustrated in chronological order. At the same time, brief information was given about the Nizamiyya madrasahs that were located in central cities of country, as well as madrasahs specialised in medicine and hadith. In addition, the madrasah education system was also touched upon. Keywords: The Seljuk Sultanate, the Fatimids, madrasah, Sultan Alp Arslan, Sultan Malik-Shah, Nizam al-Mulk, Nizamiya madrasah of Baghdad, education system of madrasah. Introduction: Seljuk sultans such as Togrulbey (1040- 1063), Alp Arslan (1063-1072), Malikshah (1072-1092) and Sanjar (1118-1157) showed respect to scientists and they tried to spread knowledge throughout the country. When Togrulbey entered the conquered cities, he first visited the scholars and leaders of Sharia. During the reign of Sultan Alp Arslan, madrasahs were spread to the remote areas of the country. He donated part of his personal income to the poor, and 1/10 to scientists [Akyüz Y., 2008: 43]. In addition to the madrasah‘s and scientific and cultural institutions that he founded, Malik-Shah allocated 300,000 dinars (gold) to scientists European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 120 https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijmrms and Management Studies European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies and mystics every year. have opening lectures in madrasahs. Inaugural classes were held not only for teachers, but also in connection The period of the Seljuk Sultanate was an important with the appointment of qazi and qazi al-quzzats. In the turning point in the education system of the Islamic opening speech, the person who was appointed to the world. The movement that started with the position took the pulpit in front of the public, and his establishment of spiritual and educational associations first speech was attended by famous people of the city dependent on the state by providing allowances to [Makdisî G., 2004: 234-235]. scientists and jurists, building shelters for hermits, became the basis for the establishment of large centers The newly appointed teacher tried to show his depth of of science – madrasahs and providing these centers of knowledge and breadth of worldview by speaking on science with specialists [Kafesoğlu İ., 1992: 373]. various topics in the opening lesson. The number of listeners at the opening lesson also determined how