GENRE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MUQIMIY STATE ACADEMIC MUSICAL THEATER OF UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

This article discusses the genre characteristics of the Muqimiy State Academic Musical Theater of Uzbekistan, the unique features of musical theater art, and the specific requirementsfor actors in musical theater. Keywords:musical theater, vocal, composer, director, actor, performance. There are many musical theaters in the world, including in our Republic. Each musical theater differs based on the era, location, and national characteristics. Whether it's Italian, French, or Russian opera or operetta, it expresses uniqueness through genre-specific features. For instance, the Alisher Navoi State Academic Grand Opera and Ballet Theater, the Tashkent State Musical Comedy (Operetta) Theater, and the Muqimiy State Musical Theater of Uzbekistan all fundamentally differ in terms of genre. In this research, we aim to study the activities of the Muqimiy Theater, which leads all regional musical theaters in Uzbekistan, especially theprocesses related tovocal art. Although opera and musical drama both require musicality, they are fundamentally different. In musical drama, actors speak dialogue in plain language and perform monologues in the form of arias, ariosos, or songs. Actors use their natural voices for dialogue with partners. In opera, dialogues are performed through recitative, an expressive reading technique. Recitativeis also divided into two types: Secco (dry): where the actor-singer quickly and fluently delivers lines accompanied byminimal music. Accompagnato: where lines are delivered melodically with full musical accompaniment. Another major difference is in vocal classification: women are divided into coloratura soprano, soprano, mezzo-soprano, and alto; men into tenor, baritone, bass, and basso profundo. Opera scores are written accordingly, with continuous performance of arias, ariosos, choruses, and recitatives within acts or scenes. In musical drama, climactic scenes aretied tothemusic and performed accordingly. The Muqimiy State Academic Musical Theater of Uzbekistan is a leader among musical theater troupes in the Republic. Since its establishment, it has gone through significant creative development. Outstanding performers such as Lutfixonim Sarimsoqova, Razzoq Hamroyev, E’tibor Jalilova, Tursunoy Jafarova, Mahmudjon G‘ofurov, Hamza Umarov, and Farog‘at Rahmatova have shaped the traditions of Uzbek musical theater with theirunforgettable roles and performances. Audiences visiting the Muqimiy Theater witness the artistic life portrayed musically on stage. They realize that the theater is not just a place for entertainment but also a platform for enlightenment, morality, and reflection, and they leave with deep aesthetic impressions. Uzbek musical theater art developed from the life-giving creativity of folk performers such as bakhshi, khalfa, musicians, jesters, and entertainers. It is closely tied to national traditions, customs, and musical heritage, making Uzbek musical drama realistic and people-oriented. page1770 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Today, most of the regional theaters serve their audiences under the name of "musical drama theater." Howdoes amusical theater actor differfrom adramaticactor? In drama, the actor controls thetempo of theperformance. The actor uses emotional openness andcan choose timingflexibly based ondramatic force. Verbal expressionplays a key role. In musical theater, however, emotional expression is strictly timed with the music. During a monologue (aria), even a one-second delay or rush can ruin the musical and dramatic impact. A musical theater actor must distribute their dramatic energy and skill across each musicalmeasure predetermined bythecomposer. In musical theater, lead roles are primarily chosen based on the actor's vocal abilities. This highlights how essential vocal artistry is. Importantly, it's not enough for an actor to simply sing beautifully while standing still - such a performance is considered a song, and the performer asolo singer. In contrast, arias andduets intheater involvepsycho-physical actions. Theperformer mustmaster bothacting and vocal technique tosucceed. Musical dramas include not only arias and duets but also trios, quartets, quintets, choruses, and solo pieces. It's crucial to distinguish between songs performed in musical performances and those in concerts - in theater, the song is delivered with targeted physical action based onthe story's context. In musical theater, the events are interwoven through melody and song. The primary component of the stage work is words. From words come the work, and from the work, the song. When the character's inner pain, joy, or sorrow becomes inexpressible through words alone, it isconveyed through singing. The musical theater actor uses the character's speech to reveal inner feelings and uses high-pitched singing to touch the