STUDY AND ELIMINATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECYCLING PROBLEMS

Аннотация

Статья посвящена изучению и устранению проблем при переработке промышленных отходов. В статье рассматриваются промышленные отходы и методы снижения их воздействия на окружающую среду. Проанализированы физические, химические и биологические методы, применяемые при переработке промышленных отходов. В статье рассматривается влияние процессов переработки отходов на экологическую безопасность, необходимость повышения экономической эффективности и технического прогресса. Эффективные методы переработки отходов и научно обоснованные инновации имеют решающее значение для защиты окружающей среды иобеспечения устойчивого промышленного развития. Ключевые слова: Промышленные отходы, переработка, химические методы, твердые отходы, жидкие отходы, тяжелые металлы, минеральные отходы, отходы черных и цветныхметаллов,экологическийпacпорт. Input With the rational use of accumulated industrial waste, a large amount of mineral fertilizers, building materials, technological and household fuel is produced, since they occupy a huge amount of land.A large amount of waste is used to improve soil composition.Gypsum and lime are added to the soils, and if the acid content is excessive, neutralizing substances are used. page1718 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Waste from central heating plants contains 53% SiO2, 24% Al2O3, 10% Fe2O and FeO, 2% CaO, 1% MgO, 4% alkali metal oxides, and only 6% absolutely non-combustible substances. Part of the ash can be used directly; it is necessary consider the technical, economic, and organizational aspects of preparing cement, aerated concrete, expanded clay concrete, and silicate bricks. Waste utilization in agriculture. A number of large-scale wastes, including potassium fertilizer wastes, are used in agriculture.The use of phosphate raw materials in the melioration of phosphorus and phosphogypsum saline lands yields good results, as it contains macroelements Ca, S, P, Fe, Al, and Mg. The continuous use of secondary agricultural waste isineffective, as it also contains toxicsubstances, leading to the death ofsoil macroorganisms. Phosphogypsum contains fluorine, heavy metals likearsenic and selenium. The neutralization and disposal of industrial waste is one of the environmental necessities of today. Waste disposal is considered a very difficult, labor-intensive, and costly job. If the amount of toxic substances produced in developed countries is 70 kg per person, then 500 dollars (USA) is spent on neutralizing one ton of toxic substance. Waste disposal and neutralization must be carried out at the expense of the enterprise or organization that produced the waste, and the burial site must also belong to this organization. The waste disposal site is a well-thought-out geological layer of the earth. must be studied. Because the lower layer of the soil should not be close to water, should not be sandy, and this area should not be displaced by any mudflows and avalanches. It must be said openly that such areas can never again be well- structured land, because the toxic substances in these areas reach people or animals and birds through plant products. At waste disposal sites, it is necessary to observe sanitary and hygienic standards. Fields are constantly accumulating waste, from which toxic substances are used should be periodically buried and, if necessary, recycled. However, it's best if the landfills belong to several organizations, and it's better if harmful substances accumulate in oneplace. Thewaste areaincludes agroup performing three types ofwork. 1. Availability of a plant for neutralizing industrial waste, possibilities for its physicochemical processing and burning, conversion to another type, and reducing the volumeof waste. page1719 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai 2. The possibility of digging special deep pits for waste disposal in this area and conditions forstoring all toxicsubstances. 3. The constant availability of specialized transport vehicles for transporting toxic and harmful waste. Flowing water should not pass near the landfill, and such water should not be used by people for drinking or irrigating plants. The site itself may have sewerage, but it is not connected anywhere, the waste site never carries radioactive substances, and oil product residues are also not brought in. It is necessary to continuously carry out a number of organizational work at the landfill. Because to prevent safety in the field, it is necessary to neutralize toxic substances it is necessary to search for measures to prevent environmental pollution by burying and sending for recycling. organization of work such as collecting or collecting persistent toxic waste from various