FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING SMALL BUSINESS AND PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Аннотация

This article develops scientific proposals and recommendations on the current importance of small business and private entrepreneurship, on the use of advanced experience of foreign countries in the development of their activities. Аннотация. В данной статье разработаны научные предложения и рекомендации по актуальному значению малого бизнеса и частного предпринимательства, по использованию передового опыта зарубежных стран в развитии их деятельности. Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada kichik biznеs va хususiy tadbirkоrlikning hozirgi kundagi ahamiyati, ular faоliyatini rivоjlantirishda xorijiy mamlakatlarning ilg‘or tajribasidan foydalanish bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan taklif va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Key words: small business, entrepreneurship, development, economic efficiency, experience, Economic activity. Ключевые слова: малый бизнес, предпринимательство, развитие, экономическая эффективность, опыт, экономическая деятельность. Kalit so‘zlar: kichik biznes, tadbirkorlik, rivojlanish, iqtisodiy samaradorlik, tajriba, iqtisodiy faoliyat. Today, in our country, it is important to develop small businesses and support innovative activities in leading sectors of the real sector of the economy. For this, the effective use of advanced experience of developed countries of the world is of great importance. In many countries, the support and development of small businesses, as well as the coordination of their activities, are the responsibility of 3-To’plam 1-son Mart , 2025 103 Ilm fan taraqqiyotida raqamli iqtisodiyot va zamonaviy ta'limning o'rni hamda rivojlanish omillari special state bodies with sufficient resource capabilities and management authority. In particular, special government agencies active in this regard include the National Science Foundation in the United States, the National Agency for Small Business Services in the United Kingdom, the German Small and Medium- sized Enterprises Authority, the Japanese Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Agency, the Hungarian National Council for Entrepreneurship Development, the Polish Department of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, and the Korean Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Administration [1]. In the US economy, great attention was paid to measures aimed at facilitating the commercial use of the results obtained by scientific organizations in order to create conditions for the development of innovation. The Bayh-Dole Act and the Stevenson-Wydler Act, adopted in the US in the 1980s, made a significant contribution to innovative activity. The purpose of both laws is to create broad conditions for the use of the results of scientific research obtained at the expense of public funds in the private sector. At the same time, there are many organizations in the US aimed at facilitating relations between business and scientific research organizations. The US National Science Foundation (NSF) has earned international recognition as a benchmark fund for funding basic science and innovation. This structure has been successfully operating for more than fifty years. The rationale for state support of scientific and innovative activities in the USA can be traced in the example of two programs - the Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR) and the Small Business Technology Transfer Program (STTR). The role of the state in organizing innovation activities in the USA is crucial, innovation activities are supported, managed and coordinated by the state. 1. The American Science Foundation manages and coordinates fundamental research conducted in the country 2. The American Science Council conducts scientific research in the field of industry, organizes and manages scientific and educational processes. 3-To’plam 1-son Mart , 2025 104 Ilm fan taraqqiyotida raqamli iqtisodiyot va zamonaviy ta'limning o'rni hamda rivojlanish omillari 3. NASA conducts agro-cosmic research 4. The National Bureau of Standards organizes and manages standardization of goods and services produced in the USA and imported into the country 5. The Department of Defense organizes and coordinates scientific research in the field of military defense. 6. The National Center for Industrial Organizations conducts scientific research that ensures the integration of industry with other sectors and areas 7. The National Academy of Sciences organizes and coordinates fundamental, scientific and applied research conducted on a national scale 8. The National Academy of Technology organizes, manages and coordinates research on the modernization and technical and technological renewal of America 9. The Association for the Advancement of American Sciences develops and implements measures to develop, improve, and enrich all sciences [2]. One of the important conditions for ensuring the development of innovation is the creation of an appropriate infrastructure, and this problem is also solved by the state. "The integration of science - education - production - capital is very well established. The innovative proc