ECONOMIC, SOCIO-ECONOMIC NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC SERVICES

Аннотация

Public services include measures taken by state bodies to perform a specific function, and these measures consist of work, service tasks, processes, and stages. The article provides explanations of the economic, socio- economic essence and characteristics of public services. Key words: state, service, population, post-industrial, public services, politics, service business, citizen, neighborhood, population life, e-government, artificial intelligence, society, government. Annotatsiya: Davlat xizmatlari davlat organlarining muayyan funksiyani bajarishi bilan bog‘liq chora-tadbirlarini o‘z ichiga olib, ushbu chora-tadbirlar ish, xizmat vazifasi, jarayon, bosqichlardan iborat bo‘ladi. Maqolada davlat xizmatlarining iqtisodiy ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy mohiyati va xususiyatlarini izohlari keltirilgan. Kalit so‘zlar: davlat, xizmat, aholi, postindustrial, davlat xizmatlari, siyosat, servis biznes, fuqaro, mahalla, aholi turmushi, elektron hukumat, sun’iy intellekt, jamiyat, hokimiyat. Аннотация: Государственные услуги включают в себя меры, связанные с выполнением государственными органами определенных функций, и эти меры состоят из работ, обязанностей, процессов и этапов. В статье раскрыты экономическая, социально-экономическая природа и особенности государственных услуг. Ключевые слова: государство, сервис, население, постиндустриальный, общественные услуги, политика, сервисный бизнес, гражданин, соседство, жизнедеятельность народа, электронное правительство, искусственный интеллект, общество, власть. Introduction. In recent years, the structure of the world economy has undergone fundamental changes. In particular, the share of services in the structure of GDP in 1990 was 20%, in 1950 it was 34.1%, in 2010 it was 59.6%, and by 2024 it will be 65.1%. The rapid development of the service sector can be explained, on the one hand, by the increase in the types of services and the diversification of service activities, and on the other hand, by the increasing interaction and complementarity between different areas of activity, similar to 41 МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК the inseparability of services. At the current stage of economic development, the importance of the service sector is increasing year by year and remains one of the leading factors in the establishment of the service economy. It is known that 25-30% of human activity is directed to the processing of natural resources for human needs, and the remaining 60-70% is directed to the provision of various services, which consist in managing, planning, controlling and providing technical and economic support for this activity. In recent years, information and educational services in industrial production itself have accounted for 11.6%, management - 6.11%, scientific research - 4.9%, and by expanding information and consulting services, up to 20% of production costs have been saved. This, in turn, also increases the possibility of achieving competitive advantage based on the use of services in various areas. Thus, "... the predominance of the share of services in the national economy, the specificity of not only the population and business entities, but also state structures as entities providing a certain type of service, and citizens of the country as consumers" [1]. Main part. From an economic point of view, we can consider the concept of “public service” as the economic activity of the state and the product of this activity. This approach is also consistent with the interpretation of the concept of service as “an intangible good created, produced or provided as a result of economic activity, or a process aimed at increasing or giving a new look to the consumer properties of the good”. Based on this interpretation, “... it is important for the state to ensure the necessary level of the quality of life and livelihood of the population, guaranteeing its economic activity, while contributing to changing the qualitative nature of economic processes to effective forms at the expense of limited resources”[2]. At the same time, the state can also stimulate or restrict economic activity through various regulations, legal acts and granting powers to regulate the economy. This, in turn, does not have the character of a commodity due to the economic nature of public services, but is an indirect service process aimed at creating conditions and providing guarantees for the creation of products. This approach is characteristic of the service economy and necessitates the transition to the principles of managerial management of the state (service administration). namely: – state administration bodies should provide citizens with better quality services based on modern scientific and technical achievements; 42 МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК – state bodies, while operating at the expense of tax payments from the population, should first of all satisfy the demand for state services from citizens and entrepreneurs. “Serviced state” – as one of the modern c