SELECTIVE OCCLUSAL GRINDING IN RESTORATIVE AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY: INDICATIONS, TECHNIQUES, AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES

Аннотация

Background: Selective occlusal grinding (SOG) is a clinical procedure used to correct occlusal disharmonies and abnormal contacts, thereby improving the distribution of occlusal forces. In restorative dentistry, SOG serves both a corrective and a preventive role— minimizing wear, reducing theincidence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and enhancing thelongevity ofrestorative treatments. Objective: This studyreviews theindications for selective occlusal grinding, details the diagnostic techniques and instruments used during the procedure, and evaluates clinical outcomes regarding occlusion improvement, patient comfort, and functional benefit. Materials and Methods: Aretrospective review of 85 patients treated over a 4- year period was performed. Patients were selected based on criteria that included symptoms of occlusal disharmony, evidence of wear facets on restorations, and discomfort attributable to occlusal trauma. Clinical records were reviewed for diagnostic tests (articulating paper analysis, T-scan evaluation, and diagnostic wax-ups), the type of occlusal adjustment performed (minimal occlusal grinding vs. extensive selective grinding), and subsequent clinical outcomes. Three tables were constructed to summarize (1) indications and diagnostic criteria for SOG, (2) techniques and instruments used, and (3) clinical outcome measures including changes in occlusal contact patterns and symptom relief. Results: The majority of patients (72%) presented with indications of premature contacts, excessive wear facets, and TMD symptoms. Diagnostic analysis with articulating paper and computerized occlusal analysis (T-scan) revealed that occlusal interference was significantly reduced after SOG (p < 0.01). Clinically, 80% of patients reported improvement in discomfort and function, with a mean reduction in the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score from 6.4 preoperatively to 2.1 at the 6-month follow-up. No major complications were recorded; minor enamel adjustments were noted in 9% of cases. Conclusion: Selective occlusal grinding is an effective and safe procedure for managing occlusal disharmonies in both restorative and preventive dentistry. The use of standardized diagnostic tools and minimally invasive techniques ensures high rates of patient satisfaction and enhanced long-term outcomes. Recommendations for patient selection, procedural planning, and follow-up care are discussed. Keywords: selective occlusal grinding, occlusal adjustment, restorative dentistry, preventive dentistry, temporomandibular disorders, occlusal analysis