THE ROLE OF FACIAL SOMATIC ELEMENTS IN EXPRESSING EMOTIONS (on the example of French phraseology)

Аннотация

This article explores the role of facial expressions in nonverbal communication, emphasizing their linguistic, psychological, and physiological significance. It examines the function of somatic elements such as the eyes, forehead, mouth, and nose in conveying emotions, referencing Paul Ekman’s classification of basic emotional states like anger, joy, fear, pain, surprise, and disgust. Key words:nonverbal communication, facial expressions, somatic elements, phraseological units,emotions. Introduction: In oral communication, most communicative movements primarily encompass emotional states. Their recognition as part of speech communication is crucial for understanding a message, an action, or a person’s emotional state [1]. In this regard, the unique significance of nonverbal means in the communication process is undeniable and worth attention. In this section of our research, we aim to provide a detailed discussion on phraseological tools that reflect nonverbal aspects in emotional communication, specifically emotivephraseological unitsthat fully convey theseexpressions. Method and materials: Facial expressions are a part of human facial movements through which various thoughts, actions, imaginations, memories, surprises, and other emotions are manifested. Smiling, grinning, smirking, pressing or pursing lips, sticking out the tongue, raising eyebrows-these are all communicative, interactive, and perceptive aspects of speech that reflect different psychological states, particularly emotional experiences. [2]. French phraseological expressions describing facial expressions also play a unique role in activating nonverbal communication. This is because a person’s facial expression conveys various thoughts and reflections, which naturally attract the speaker’s attention during interaction. For example, whether our interlocutor understands us, disagrees, or intends to respond-all theseconscious emotional reactions are manifested through facial expressions. Result and discussion: One of the main characteristics of facial expressions is their integrity and dynamism. This means that all six basic emotional states-anger, joy, fear, pain, surprise, and disgust—coordinate through the movements of facial muscles. Such expressive emotions can be studied effectively through the method called “FAST [3],” discovered by Paul Ekman and his team. According to this method, the face is divided into three horizontal sections: 1) eyes and forehead, 2) nose and its surrounding area, and 3) mouth and chin area [4]. Accordingly, when analyzing French phraseological expressions that describefacial emotions, thefollowing observations emerge. Types of facial emotional Phraseological expressions related to theeyes andforehead: expressions. page1162 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Anger fаireles grоsyeux -kо‘zlаrini lо‘qqilmоq; Joy défrоncer le(s) sоurcil (s) -kаyfi chоg‘ bо‘lmоq; Fear аvоir frоid аuxyeux -qо‘rqmоq; chо‘chimоq; Sadness Аvоirune minerenfrоgnée -xо‘mrаygаnbо‘lmоq; Love fаireles yeux dоuxàquelqu’un–nоz-kаrаshmаqilmоq; Hate fаiregrise mineà qqn.-birоvni аftiniburishtirib kutibоlmоq; Discontent fаiredes yeux -nоrоzi kаyfiyаtdаqаrаmоq; Phraseological expressions related to the nose and its surrounding area: Shame lefeu аuxjоues - qizаrgаnyuzlаr bilа; Discontent аvоir lenezsur quelquechоse -burnini jiyirmоq; Phraseological expressions related to themouth andchin area: Fear clаquer des dents -qо‘rquvdаntishitаqillаmоq; Stupefaction être cоmmedeux rоnds deflаn-hаyrаtdаqоlmоq; Regret s'en mоrdre les lèvres-аfsuslаnmоq,lаbinitishlаmоq; agreement rire dаns sаbаrbe-miyig‘idаkulmоq; surprise fаirelemоue-lаbini burmоq. Thus, phraseological expressions related to the eyes and forehead convey both positive and negative emotions in nonverbal communication. In contrast, those associated with the mouth and chin primarily express neutral emotions, while those connected to the nose and cheeks exclusively represent negative emotions. From the analysis above, it can be concluded that, according to P. Ekman’s method, facial expressions are primarily centered around the eyes, nose, and mouth. Additionally, due to their dynamism, the eyes and mouth serve to express various emotions nonverbally, whereas the nose-being less dynamic-mainly conveys limited emotions such as shame and discontent. That is, the nose and cheek regions stand out in nonverbal communication for their mono-emotional nature. This phenomenon has been substantiated through an analysis of French phraseological expressions. Based on the linguisticand psychological analyses discussed above, several key pointscan be emphasized regarding French “Nonverbal Phraseology.” As F. Poyatos noted, interpersonal communication consists of a complex three-part system: “language + paralinguistics + kinesics.” This structure ensures