NATURAL RESOURCES AND THEIR RATIONAL USE

Аннотация

This article discusses the types of natural resources and their rational use, natural resources in Uzbekistan, andtheimpact of fossilfuel useontheenvironment. Keywords:non-oremetals, oil,gas, coal, peat, groundwater Renewable Resources: The sun is an inexhaustible resource that provides the earth with heat and light. Rain fills lakes and streams with water. When plants perform photosynthesis, they addoxygen to theair. Sunlight, water, andair are renewable resources. Non-renewable resources are finite, and we use them when we paint a wall or travel by car. Plastics, paints, and gasoline are made from petroleum or oil, which are precious non- renewable resources. Oil is formed as a result of the decomposition of the remains of microscopic marine organisms over hundreds of millions of years. Minerals such as iron, copper, gold, silver, and uranium are considered metals. Fossil fuels: Coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable energy sources. Fossil fuels have been around for hundreds of millions of years. Gasoline, diesel fuel, and rocket fuel, which are used to power cars, buses, trains, and airplanes, are derived from petroleum. Coal is used inmanypower plants to generate electricity. Natural gas is used for heating and engine propulsion, and sometimes as a transportation fuel. Conserving solid fuels now is important so that we can leave them as a reserve for future generations. Non-renewable resources are finite. Their prices may increase in the future. The excessive burning of solid fuels releases exhaust gases into the atmosphere, causing atmospheric pollution. This leads to the destruction of the ecosystem. It is widely agreed that it is important to use other energy sources instead ofsolid fuels. Fossil Fuel Connections: Almost every day, people around the world directly use fossil fuels. Because fossil fuels are non-renewable and their supply onEarth is limited, they may become more expensive and more difficult to find in the future. Fuel use is one of the most pressing environmental issues. For example: while coal is an ecosystem-destroying fuel, we need to mine it. Burning fossil fuels pollutes theair, producing unwanted gases containing smog andacid. For this reason, many people suggest reducing fuel consumption and finding other sources of energy, and we can also take other simple steps to reduce fuel use. Such as turning off the lights when you leave theroom, and turning offthe televisionwhen you are not watching it. By doing these things, you will reduce the use of power plants that generate energy by burning fossil fuels. Millions of cars in the United States use fossil fuels. One good way to reduce fuel consumption is to rideabike. page1052 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Alternative energy sources: Alternative energy sources are sunlight, water, wind and nuclear energy. These energy sources are inexhaustible. Solar Energy: Solar water heater units use the energy of sunlight to increase water temperature through solar collectors. An airtight enclosure with a transparent coating, painted black, an absorbent metal plate with water-conducting tubes, and insulated flat solar collectors on the rear and side walls of the enclosure to prevent heat loss are common. Wind energy: Wind energy can be used to produce mechanical or electrical energy. This energy is directly related to the wind speed. A standard wind turbine consists of a three- bladed rotor mounted onatubularsteel pole. The turning mechanism directs the rotor in the direction of the wind. The rotor drives the reducer and the asynchronous generator. The wind generator operates at a speed higher than 3-4 meters per second. Its maximumoperating speed is25-30 meters per second. Mineral resources includeore and non-ore metals, oil,gas, coal, peat, and underground water. Minerals are a source of energy and crops for humanity and its economy and development, anditsuse isincreasing year byyear. The development of science and technology is forcing scientists to discover new mineral deposits. For example, according to Japanese scientists, the metal concentrations at the bottomof theocean could provide theworld's industry with copper for 2,000years, nickel for 70,000years, and manganese for 14,000years at thecurrent consumption rate. These resources are used for the needs of world industry from 1% to 20%. In addition, underground minerals are often mined for 1 or 2 metals, the rest of which is dumped into the environment. Waste is especially common in the extraction of oil, coal, potash, construction materials, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, and mining and chemical raw materials. In many oil fields around the world, 50-60% of the oil is extracted from the extracted part. Thus, currently, 150 billion tons of ore are extracted from the Earth's lithosphere every year, and 95-98% of it, a