Creativity of pavl petrovich benkov as duration of Uzbekistan's painting

Аннотация

In this article, the author analyzes the compositions of the outstanding artist and teacher of Uzbekistan, the first half of the 20th century, Pavel Petrovich Benkov. A brief historical and historiographical review examines his life path and the trajectory of his work in the 1920s and 1930s. XX century. Key words: art, painting, composition, painting, Bukhara, Khiva, Samarkand. Pavel Petrovich Benkov is one of the brightest personalities in the art of Uzbekistan. He was called the "priest" of art. Benkov moved to Uzbekistan when he was already 50 years old, a well-established and well-known artist, experienced teacher, and connected his rest of his life with this land. In the life of every person, especially in a creative person, there are changes that push him to make inexplicable decisions. In 1928, P. Benkov first visited Uzbekistan, visited Bukhara. In 1929, he again came to Bukhara, 1930 went to Khiva, and then to Samarkand. In 1931 P. Benkov moved to Samarkand and forever connected his life with this city in which he was in love and whom he so poetically glorified in his works. [1] He found his second homeland in Uzbekistan, fell in love with him unforgettablely, “Bukhara. Teahouse "(1929) found in him that which impressed the soul of the artist. He writes noisy bazaars with a motley crowd, ancient madrassas and mosques, crowded teahouses, quiet streets with adobe houses and low duvalls (adobe walls, fences), green courtyards twined with vineyards, shimmering in all shades of a rainbow hawza with life-giving moisture. The artist looks into the courtyards, wanders through the narrow streets unprotected from the scorching sun, sits for hours in the bazaars, watching the busy buyers and sellers in bright national clothes. Benkov brought two or three works to Samarkand, including “Portrait of the Tatarka” [2], which he captured to convince Uzbek girls and women to opportunities to pose for 206 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) the artist. From this moment in the biography and in the creative activity of the artist begins a new page drawn, as bright, and saturated with colors as the sun and the nature of this region. He begins to productively and actively transfer his impressions to the canvas, fixing different moments, of one point at different times, as the great French impressionists once did. So canvases “Khavuz with water-carriers” and (1929 “Vegetable market. Khiva ”(1930). “Vegetable Bazaar. Khiva "(1930) It is noticeable in them, the artist’s great passion for the sunshine of colors of autumn and summer Uzbekistan. If the “Vegetable Bazaar in Khiva” is essentially a large sketch made from nature, then the Bukhara “House with water-carriers” is a thoughtful pictorial composition in which the artist found a successful point of view, which allowed him to reveal the character and individual characteristics with great artistic capacity picturesque frame of the Bukhara landscape. Since ancient times, Bukhara was famous for its bazaars, the paint of which could not fail to impress the artist’s imagination. Traditionally, trade was concentrated on special shopping streets, the intersection of which was blocked by domes. Built back in the 16th century, some of these domes have survived to this day, trading benches are still located under them. In his work P. Benkov repeatedly addressed the theme of Bukhara bazaars, finding unexpected angles and motives, embodying the special spirit of this world. In the painting “Covered Bazaar in Bukhara” (1929) [3] the cool twilight under the arch of the shopping dome is cut by the perspective of the arches of the street, leading the viewer away on a bright sunny day. The medieval architecture of the dome, emphasized by the brickwork of the sails, and figures in variegated national clothes are complemented by signs of a new time - red banners hung all over the walls. In Uzbekistan, the artist’s pictorial style has changed significantly. He writes widely, freely, picturesque decisions become bold, colorfully richer, and richer. He painted on casein-pulling soil, in which the colorful surface did not give shine. P. Benkov responds to changes in art in the 30s with works on historical, revolutionary and production topics, creates large-scale thematic paintings “March 8 on the Registan” (1933), “Meeting of the Hero” (1938) and “Proclamation of the Uzbek SSR” (1940). In them, the impressionist method of the artist suffers certain changes, but does not disappear at all. 207 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) The topics of agricultural and productive growth in Uzbekistan are devoted to the genre paintings of P. Benkov “Silk-winding factory Khudzhum” (1931-1932),“ May Day Dam. Rawatstroy” (1934), “Treasured harvest (Cotton picking in Uzbekistan)” (1934-1935) and “Butt of cotton (Hobbing of cotton in Uzbekistan)” (1936). They reflect the artist’s attitude to the social life of Uzbekistan, the work of the people is praised; the