IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT READING LITERACY

Аннотация

This article explores the scientific and pedagogical challenges of enhancing the methodological preparation of future primary school teachers to improve students’ reading literacy and their professional growth. It summarizes the perspectives of both foreign and domestic scholars. The study scientifically substantiates the principles of professional development of primary school teachers along with theoretical andpedagogical aspects. Keywords: primary school, prospective teachers, reading literacy, methodological training, components, ability, individualcapability, cognitivedevelopment, competence. In the modern world, there is a growing need to train pedagogical staff equipped with methodological competencies that meet contemporary demands. Mechanisms for improving the preparation of future teachers are being gradually implemented into the educational process. The focus is on aligning teacher training with the natural intellectual capacities, worldview, and the need to bridge the gap between education and labor market demands. Systematic efforts are being madeto effectively utilizeinnovativepedagogical technologies. In recent years, the Republic of Uzbekistan has laid the normative and legal foundation for improving the continuous education system, enhancing the quality of educational services, and preparing highly qualified specialists in line with the modern demands of the labor market. As emphasized, “Another important task of the education sector is to form a generation of youth with an active civic stance, capable of firmly defending the interests of the country and the people, and thinking broadly with a modern outlook” [1]. Therefore, preparing patriotic, initiative-taking, modern, and morally upright youth withindependent thinkingskillsis prioritized. Education is the cornerstone of national development and demands a well-organized and systematically implemented pedagogical approach. This, in turn, necessitates improving the methodological preparation of future primary school teachers. It also involves instilling loyalty to national and universal traditions andvalues, and fostering pride intherich spiritual heritage ofour great ancestors. Future primary school teachers must be equipped to foster students’ reading literacy, key competencies, intellectual development, appreciation for material and aesthetic values, subject- related competencies, independent thinking, understanding of others' opinions, and the ability to express theirown ideas clearly. Along with material factors, the methodological preparation of future primary school teachers to improve students' reading literacy is of high importance as a pedagogical issue in the process of improvingthe qualityand effectiveness ofeducation in Uzbekistan. According to Article 9 of the Law "On Education" of the Republic of Uzbekistan, adopted on September 23, 2020: "Primary education aims to form literacy, knowledge, skills, qualifications, and competencies necessary for all learners to continue general secondary education." [2]. One of the promising and priority directions for modern primary education is developing students in the spiritof national and universal values –in otherwords, aholisticdevelopment ofthe individual. Today, organizing a modern primary education system that integrates all aspects of upbringing and education has become one of the pressing issues. Practical implementation is needed for teaching young school-age children and instilling elements of both national and universal 266 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue04(2025) education. At this stage, moral upbringing, spiritual and national aesthetics, and physical education are treated as top priorities. Educational texts provided during lessons are also intended to instillethical, spiritual, and national values, alongside religious anduniversal ones. Statepolicies in thefields ofeducation and science reflect theurgency of: - new approaches in the training of well-rounded professionals and the emergence of modern occupations relevant tothe country’s context; - how education has evolved into a distinct sphere of human activity that transmits societal knowledge tothenext generation; - the role of education in developing intellectual and moral facets of the individual, ensuring their activeparticipation in all spheres ofpubliclife; - and science as a form of social consciousness reflecting the natural and societal world, combining creative potential to raise morally developed individuals and building a strong scientificcapacity inthecountry. Improving the methodological training of future primary school teachers requires modern approaches. First and foremost, this includes forming essential pedagogical knowledge (about the profession, communication, personality, psychological development, and age-specific characteristics ofst