IMPORTANT FACTORS IN PREPARING STUDENTS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES BASED ON INTEGRATION OF NATURAL SCIENCES

Аннотация

The article analyzes the important factors of preparing students for professional activity on the basic of the integration of graphic sciences and the results of research work carried out by several scientists in this field. On the basic of these analyzes, the integration of graphic disciplines was developed and a questionnaire on professional activities was conducted among students, and their results are also covered in the article. The teaching of graphic sciences, which is a key factor in the development of students in the field of graphic design, design and their integration, is based on clear evidence and conclusions and recommendations that in the future these personnel will play a key role in mastering the field and their professional activities. Keywords: integration of graphic sciences, differentiation, specialist, pedagogical and psychological factors, questionnaire. Shaping students ’preparation for future careers is continuous and complex. Therefore, in its organization, special attention is paid to the study and consideration of factors influencing this process. A factor (Latin "factor" - to do, produce) means everything that affects this or that process. The influence of N.E.Kasatkina, A.N.Koksheneva considered the factors influencing the development of the student's personality and self-determination of young people. Hence, R.A. Parfirieva states that it is carried out in the process of development of the student's personality and is influenced by the following factors: macro factors (society and the state); mesofactors (ethno-cultural conditions in which a person lives and develops); micro factors (family, child care and other socialization institutions). Выпуск журнала №-25 Часть–4_ Май –2025 316 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT N.E.Kasatkina, TM Churekova distinguish all the factors in the process of self- determination of young people: General (socio-economic living conditions of people, spiritual culture of society, regional (specific features of economic and demographic development of the region, career choice of young people and influencing career choice); Psychological factors are divided into three groups: - mass media, etc. - Factors arising from the age characteristics of young people; - Factors influencing the formation of value orientations; - Factors of personal nature (tendencies, abilities, interests, psychophysiological qualities, general level of education). A.N.Leontiev considers it expedient to divide all factors into two large groups: purpose (factors that depend on the economic, political and cultural characteristics of society). Subjective (area of motivation and needs of the person, values, personal characteristics, abilities). Based on the above examples, it is possible to talk about the different approaches of the authors in grouping the factors influencing the process of personality development. E.A.Koksheneva considered it expedient to distinguish three groups of factors, given the existence of classifications in the consideration of factors. This classification is not rigid and is based on rules about the ability to take these factors into account and manage in the context of the learning process. The classification he uses includes the following groups: socio-economic factors, psychological factors, organizational- pedagogical factors. The group of socio-economic factors influencing the formation of professional readiness of students includes: the state of the labor market in the region (employment opportunities); the prestige of education and profession in society and in a particular region; demand for specialists; the social status and level of education of the parents; the financial means of the family. Integration of graphic sciences - the use of one in teaching the other, the application of their theoretical foundations in the practical process, based on the organic and theoretical connection of a number of graphic sciences, while organizing the student's professional activity in a clearly specialized direction [3]. Teaching Выпуск журнала №-25 Часть–4_ Май –2025 317 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT graphic sciences in an interrelated way not only increases the effectiveness of the lesson, but also increases the interest of students in science, understanding the purpose and essence of science in a short time, mastering it and creative work in a specific field. 1-picture. The form of the necessary steps in the preparation of the future specialist for professional activity 1-picture above shows the necessary steps in the preparation of a future engineer for professional activity. This will allow students to master engineering in the first place and apply it in the next stage in the specialty. For example, students majoring in "Use of hydraulic structures and pumping stations" in the first and second years study the subjects "Engineering and Computer Graphics", "Computer Graphics". In subsequent years, ie in the third and fourth years, students will be able to