ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СТАТУСА И ПИЩЕВОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ У ДЕТЕЙ С ОЖИРЕНИЕМ.

Аннотация

53 children and adolescents with various degrees of obesity underwent clinical, laboratory and psychological examination. It has been established that obese children and adolescents have impaired ideas about food. A comprehensive OPEN ACCESS assessment of the psychological state of children and adolescents with obesity showed IJSP that it depends on the level of body mass index. In obese children and adolescents who have been examined, there is a violation of psychological adaptation, especially in severe cases. This fact requires the inclusion of psychotherapeutic methods in the complex treatment of children with obesity as a mandatory component of treatment in the treatment of children and adolescents with obesity. It also highlights the need for treatment programs for patients with eating disorders. Key words: obesity, children, psychological state, eating behavior. Kirish. Bolalar o`rtasidagi semizlik xozirda juda keng tarqalib bormoqda. JSST ma’lumotlariga ko’ra, 2016 yilda 5 yoshdan 19 yoshgacha bo’lgan 340 million bola va o’smir ortiqcha vazn yoki semizlikdan aziyat chekgan [2,5]. Semizlik bir qator yuqumli bo’lmagan kasalliklarnng xususan: yurak-qon tomir kasalliklari (asosan yurak kasalliklari va insult), diabet; Academic Editor: Arzikulov A. Professor, Andijan State Medical mushak-skelet tizimining buzilishi va boshqalarning asosiy xavf omillaridan Institute biri bo`lib hisoblanadi [6]. Semizlik shuningdek bolaning psixologik Received: 12 July 2022 holatiga ham salbiy ta’sir qiladi: ortiqcha vazn bolalar va o’smirlarda Accepted: 21 July 2022 o’ziga ishonchsizlik, tashvish, tajovuzkorlik, himoyasizlik tuyg’usini keltirib Published: 30 July 2022 chiqaradi, o’z-o’zini hurmat qilishni sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi, bu Publisher’s Note: IJSP stays esa hayot sifatining yomonlashishiga olib keladi, o’rganish bilan bog’liq neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and muammolar va ba’zida tengdoshlarning masxarasini keltirib chiqaradi va institutional affiliations. natijada bolaning alohidalanishi (izolyatsiya) va depressiyasiga olib keladi [1]. Yuzaga kelgan tashvish, depressiya va boshqa ba’zi psixopatologik kasalliklar yurak-qon tomir patologiyasi uchun mustaqil xavf omillari ekanligini isbotlovchi materiallar mavjud [3, 4]. Shu munosabat bilan semirib Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee IJSP, Andijan, ketgan bolalarning hayot sifatini, ularning psixologik holatini aniqlash bilan Uzbekistan. This article is an open o’rganish ilmiy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega. access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Tadqiqot maqsadi: semizlikni bolaning psixologik holatiga va hayot Creative Commons Attribution sifatiga ta’sirini aniqlash. (CC BY-NC-ND) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by- Tadqiqot materiallari va usullari: Turli darajadagi semizlikga ega 53 nc-nd/4.0/). nafar bola va o`smir klinik, labarator va psixologik tekshiruvdan o`tkazildi. Semizligi bor barcha bolalar va o`smirlar 2 guruhga bo’lindi, 1-guruh - morbid semizlik bilan kasallangan 18 bolalar va o`smirlar, 2-guruh - I va II darajali semizligi bor 35 bolalar va o`smirlar. Bolalarning yoshi 11 yoshdan 18 yoshgacha bo’lgan. Bolalar va o‘smirlar kontingenti Samarqand shahridagi oilaviy poliklinikalarga ortiqcha vazn muammosi bilan faol murojaat qilganlar orasidan dispanser tekshiruvlari davomida aniqlandi. Jinslar farqini tahlil qilganda, tanlovda o’g’il bolalar 67,6% ustunlik qilgani aniqlandi. Nazorat guruhini o`xshash yoshdagi, normal tana vazniga ega va hech qanday ruhiy kasalliklarga ega bo’lmagan 20 nafar bolalar va o’smirlar tashkil qildi. Tana massasi indeksining (SDS TMI) standart og’ishlarining qiymati www.ijsp.uz 35 2022 / Issue 03 / Article 03 International Journal of Scientific Pediatrics published: 30 July 2022 va persentil jadvallar yordamida aniqlandi. JSST tavsiyalarini inobatga olgan holda, 0 yoshdan 19 yoshgacha bo’lgan bolalar va o’smirlardagi semizlikni TMI +2,0 SDS TMI ga teng yoki undan yuqori va ortiqcha vazn +1,0 dan +2,0 SDS gacha TMI bo`lganda deb belgilash kerak. Normal tana vazni -1,0 dan +1,0 gacha bo’lgan TMI qiymatlari bilan tashxislanadi. Bolalarda vaxima va depressiya holatini baxolash uchun maxsus shkalalardan foydalanildi. Ovqatlanish xulq-atvoridagi o`zgarishlar esa maxsus EAT-26 so`rovnomasi va DEBQ so’rovnomasi yordamida amalga oshirildi. Tadqiqot natijalari. TMI qiymatini aniqlashda ma’lum bo’ldiki, og`ir semizlik bilan og’rigan bemorlarning I guruhida u > 40,0 kg / m2, (SDS  4) o’rtacha 41,2 ± 0,13 kg / m2, II guruhda u pastroq bo’lgan va semizlik I darajali bolalarda 30,85±0,52 kg/m2 ni tashkil qilgan bo`lsa, II darajali semizligi bor bolalarda 35,85±0,52 kg/m2, (SDS 3,0); Taqqoslangan guruhlardagi bolalarda tashvish va depressiya holatini baholash uchun o’lchovlardan foydalanganda, o’rganilayotgan psixologik omillarda aniq o’zgarishlar mavjudligi aniqlandi. Shunday qilib, semizligi bor bolalarda depressiya shkalasiga ko’ra, normal tana vazniga ega