FROM THE HISTORY OF COLLECTIVIZATION OF THE MERCY DISTRICT

Аннотация

This article provides information about the collectivization reform carried out by the Soviet government, the establishment of collective farms in Marhamat region on the lands seized from the owners, the forced entry of the population into collective farms, the impact and consequences of the collectivization policy on the lifestyle of the local population. Also, the article expresses opinions about the development of pig farming in Marhamat region, even the fact that pigs were raised in the territory of the Mingtepa historical monument, and at the same time, the Mingtepa archaeological monument was demolished for various purposes. Key words: Soviet times, collectivization, Marhamat district, collective farms, pig farms, Mingtepa monument. https://scientific-jl.com/wsrj 1 4 0 Volume-39_Issue-1_May-2025 World scientific research journal Introduction. Having seized power by force, the Bolsheviks promised to build a new society that would provide land and rights to the peoples who were in the colony of the former Russian Empire. But these lofty promises were practically not fulfilled. The management of the Turkestan territory was carried out on the wishes and goals of the Bolshevik authorities. All uyezds and villages of the Fergana Valley were taken under the control of the Bolshevik government. In the spring of 1918, Soviet power was also established in the Marhamat volost (since 1926 called the Marhamat raion), which was part of the marghilon uyezd of the Fergana region. Here, too, a policy of violence against the people was raged by the Bolsheviks. Kolkhozes were set up by the Soviet authorities with the aim of seizing land and possessions from the wealthy, owner-occupied strata and using them as slaves and gaining serfdom, while themselves exiled to the cold lands as “ears”. Mahallic morality was forcibly introduced into collective farms through intimidation, repression. Literature review: literature on the history of collectivization carried out by the Soviet government can be analyzed in several groups. The historian-researchers of the Soviet period, who covered the history of the collectivization policy implemented in the Fargo'na Valley, made assessments and conclusions on the interests of the time and system in which they lived, as well as on demand. Literature published during the Soviet era was interpreted in a biased way, based on communist guises of the time . In literature and scientific research published during the independence period, it was possible to analyze the history of the collectivization reform of the Soviet government, based on original sources and historical facts, critically, impartially and truthfully. R.Aminova, R Shamsitdinov, M.Abdullayev, B.In the research of Rasulov and others, this topic was widely analyzed through primary sources, national and foreign archival documents and memoiric works. There are also scientific collections , archival documents and other sources dating from this period. Documents of the Fergana Regional State Archive and the State Archive of the Marhamat district were used to highlight the essence of the collectivization process in the Marhamat Rayon. Research Methodology( Research Methodology): the article covers the consequences of collectivization, carried out on the basis of historicism and sequence from historical methods in the anthem district, the reasons for the collapse of the Mingtepa monument Hills. Analysis and Results (Analysis and results): Land-Water commissions are created in order to organize and strengthen control in the implementation of the collectivization reform conducted by the Soviet government. A 7-person Land Commission is also established in the district of Marhamat . The population is tapped by the Land Commission, and the land and property are seized from the owner's layer. https://scientific-jl.com/wsrj 1 4 1 Volume-39_Issue-1_May-2025 World scientific research journal From 1926, the” Cowherd " alliances were terminated and the practice of establishing collective farms began. After the XV Congress of the VKP(B)on December 2-19, 1927, the collectivization of Agriculture takes official place . The structure of collective farms was carried out in three forms: agricultural production company, agricultural Artel, organized in the form of an agricultural commune . The first kolkhoz named “new industry” is organized in March 1928 in the village Soviet of Marhamat. The collective farm had a total area of 80 hectares and originally had 26 members . In 1928-1930, 12 rural Soviets, 69 villages, 30 production associations, 15 collective farms are organized in the Marhamat region . A social layer of morality is identified in the district of mercy, and the lands of private landowners are gradually taken into public possession. According to archival data, in 1930, the social stratum of the population of the Marhamat region consisted of: the poor – 847, the middle – 292, the “ears” – 75, the rich – 2 households . These holdings were contrac