R.MERTONNING ” FAN SOTSIOLOGIYA” ASARI (1973)

Аннотация

Robert K. Merton's "Sociology of Science" analyzes the internal mechanisms of the world of science and the social factors that shape it. The author examines the activity of science 753 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 APRIL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4 through a sociological approach and deeply studies the social role of scientists, the ethics of scientific work (Merton's standards: universalism, collectivism, selflessness and organized skepticism), scientific innovations and the system of academic recognition. The work presents science as a social institution and analyzes the conditions under which scientific knowledge appears and is recognized based on sociological theories. Merton also put forward concepts such as "cumulative advantage" (Matthew effect) in scientific development, and this work is an important source for understanding the complex relationship between science and society. Keywords: universalism, collectivism, innovation, society, structure, anomie, middle-level theory, manifesto.