Comparative assessment of honey bees in Uzbekistan

Аннотация

results of comparative assessment of honey bees of different breeds bred in Tashkent region are presented. Studies were carried out on the apiary of the farm "Kodirkhuja ota" of the Kibrai district of Tashkent region. Keywords: morphometric feature, exterior, cubital index, living mass, local population, egg production, acclimatization, aboriginal. Introduction. Currently, almost every region of Uzbekistan can find bees of non-zoned breeds that cannot fully show their economically useful qualities due to climatic and medical harvesting conditions [1]. Analyzing the results of acclimatization of bees in different regions, we came to the conclusion that success depends on the bee breed and is primarily determined by the physiological possibility of bee families [2]. To date, apiaries of the republic are bred on a number of native breeds by imported Carpathian bees (Apis mellifera carpatica), carniva (Apis mellifera carnic). To this end, our task was to compare economically useful signs between local and imported honey bees in Uzbekistan. The work was carried out on the apiary farm of the Kibrai district of the Tashkent region. Research Methodology. Families were evaluated by the quality of egg production, the weight of the fetal queens, as well as working bees, productivity, and exterior indicators. The daily egg production of the uterus was determined by a grid frame after 12 days according to the method of V.G. Kashkovsky (1970). When determining the mass of working individuals, 50 bees were selected from each family and weighed to the nearest 1 mg. Exterior assessments of bees were carried out according to the method developed by professors V.V. Alpatov and V. A. Gubin (1976) [3]. Productivity was taken into account by the gross collection of honey. All honey that was selected and left in the nests for wintering was weighed to an accuracy of 100 g. Waxing of families was taken into account according to the set up framework and the cost of wax for sealing the honeycomb according to the method of V. G. Kashkovsky (1970) [4]. Results. The daily egg production of the uterus was determined by a 5 × 5 grid, 100 pieces fit into each frame. cells, including a closed brood, a full 5x5 frame with a closed brood is considered one 5x5, if 50% of the 5x5 frame is an open and closed brood then 0.5 + 0.5 = 1 is considered. Local 72 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) individuals chose the Carpathian bees as the experimental groups as control groups; bee families fed 50% of them sugar syrup. Thus, the eggs were laid every 12 days for the uterus, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 Daily egg production of queens, 2019 Live weight of Date of n lim X±S pcs. Cv, % queens, X±S , x, x observation mg Carpathian Apis mellifera carpatica 28.03.2019 10 441-836 638,3±9,1 4,51 190,3±4,1 11.04.2019 10 559-1309 934,2±8,4 25,40 200,3±5,0 23.04.2019 10 755-1376 1065,5±80,8 24,0 200,5±5,0 04.05.2019 10 1211-1760 1489,2±29,5 3,01 206,3±5,5 16.05.2019 10 1540-1940 1738,3±30,9 3,21 224,8±6,5 28.05.2019 10 1569-2055 1811,6±48,5 4,31 226,3±7,0 10.06.2019 10 1804-2151 1977,5±64,4 3,30 227,1±7,1 22.06.2019 10 1914-2369 2134,2±70,1 4,16 230,3±7,9 Local population 28.03.2019 10 289-550 419,5±6,1 3,42 180,9±2,5 11.04.2019 10 345-609 477,2±7,0 15,0 189,3±3,0 23.04.2019 10 475-876 675,5±9,8 17,0 190,5±3,9 04.05.2019 10 901-1150 1025,5±15,5 2,07 196,3±4,5 16.05.2019 10 1040-1190 1115,3±20,9 2,51 198,8±5,5 28.05.2019 10 1085-1255 1170,6±35,3 2,91 200,3±5,9 10.06.2019 10 1125-1351 1238,2±39,8 3,00 207,2±6,1 22.06.2019 10 1114-1469 1291,5±40,3 3,16 208,3±6,9 The results of research show that the uterus of local bees lay two times less eggs than the Carpathian. In April, the egg production of the uterus of the local population averaged from 477.2 to 675.5 pcs. since at this time the egg production of the Carpathian individuals is from 934.2 to 1065.5, respectively. in May, indices of the local population ranged from 1025.5 to 1170.6 pcs. Carpathian from 1489.2 to 1811.6 pcs. When examining the nests of the local population on a honeycomb removed from the hive, he is worried, the uterus runs along the honeycomb with bees. When smoking, the bees run away from the smoke, and then they attack the honey and drink. 73 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) A different situation with Carpathian bees is a positive reaction, a less active reaction to knocking, smoke, when examining the nest, the uterus does not run on the frame, but sits quietly on the comb. The egg production rates of uterine Carpathian bees are higher than the local population. Table-2 Living mass of aboriginal and acclimatized working individuals, July 2019 Breed n lim X±S mg x Carpathian 210 107,4-110,2 109,2±1,12 Local population 220 103,9-107,2 105,1±1,09 On Table 2, the living weight of the working individual of Carpathian bees was on average 109.2 mg, the working individual weight of the local population was on average 105.1