THE ISSUES OF SHORTAGE OF FEEDING AREA DURING THE FEEDING PERIOD THAN THE ESTABLISHED VALUES FOR THE AGE, AND THE EFFECT OF THE FEEDING WORMS ON THE STALK AND THE COCOON WRAPPING

Аннотация

In the country, where silkworm rearing seasons are carried out, live cocoon farmers and specialized farms do not pay attention to the use of environmental factors in the feeding area and the amount of feed in accordance with the requirements of agricultural technology. As a result, negative changes were observed in the development of mulberry silkworms, as a result of which the cocoon yield from box 1 worms was reduced to 34-44 kg compared to the comparative variant. Keywords: Silkworm, feeding area, stalk, amount of feed, worm period, viability, worm feeding, live cocoon, yield, variety, mulberry leaf. Along with other branches of agriculture, silkworm breeding is carried out using modern scientific and technical achievements and best practices. Due to the transformation of peasant companies into farms in the country, there have been significant changes in the agricultural sector. Growing silkworms in abundant and variegated cocoons depends on the level of the area where they are grazed. As the worms grow, their body grows larger and requires an expansion of the feeding area. According to the rules of agrotechnics (N.G. Bagoutdinov, 1984) silkworms in one box of the first age (19 g), the second age, the third age, the fourth age and the fifth age will need space of 0.5-2 m2, 3-6 m2, 8-12 m2, 15-25m2, 30–50 m2 respectively. If the feeding area of the worms is normal and they are thinned from age to age and the level is expanded, the productivity of the cocoon will increase and the quality will improve. (I.X.Kholmatov, 1990, U.N.Nasirillaev, 1991, N.A.Akhmedov, 1999, 2004, 2006). Therefore, the fact that silkworms require a wider feeding area to provide normal nutrition as their bodies grow physiologically as they age is one of the most pressing problems in today’s production environment. If this agrotechnical measure is not carried out properly, the mulberry leaf that is given as a result of disturbance of the feeding area will not be sufficiently watered and the silkworms will not be able to feed evenly and become large and small. Due to the low amount of leaves given to them on time, they will need to increase the amount of leaves by 2-3 times if they are given 6-8 times a day. This, in turn, requires an 57 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) increase in the workforce. We all know that in the process of feeding worms, people use the houses in which they live. With the establishment of farms in all districts, the population feeds silkworms in their homes. Due to the lack of special worm rooms, the demand for them is increasing year by year. The area adapted for mulberry tree plantation is given for housing and other needs, and it creates a number of difficulties in feeding worms as a result of the removal of mulberries. For example, a building for feeding worms should be made of baked brick or straw. At the same time it must be built in accordance with the rules of agro-technics. Otherwise, due to the lack of conditions for silkworm rearing in the homes of the population, the yield and quality of cocoons is sharply reduced as a result of keeping one and a half box of worms in a place where a half a box of worms can be stored, one and half, two or two and a half box of worms in place where only one box can be stored. The shrinking feeding area of worms leads to a decrease in the amount of feed given to it and the worms become ill as a result of the worms becoming larger and smaller without a uniform feeding. Although scientific work has been done on this in the past, it has not been well studied how much this process reduces cocoon productivity and how the characteristics of the variety affect it. The characteristics of living organisms are manifested under the interaction of genetic factors and environmental conditions. Every animal or plant requires certain conditions for normal growth, development and realization of its potential. External environmental factors include nutrients, temperature, humidity, light, air exchange and feeding area. These factors, individually or in combination, ensure the growth and development of the organism and determine the level of productivity of animals. The sensitivity of the animal organism can be manifested even in normal and poor conditions of the external environment. Temperature, relative humidity, light, air exchange, feed and feeding area from external environmental factors are involved in the formation of mulberry silkworm quantity signs. In addition to the factors listed for silkworms, the level of worm feeding, provision of fresh air, protection of microorganisms that cause various diseases of worms are also of special importance for its normal development. It is important for the science and practice of silkworm breeding to study the role of mulberry silkworm in the normal growth and development, as well as the full manifestation of signs of productivity, depending on the size of the feeding area from external environmental factors. Th