THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF MAQOM ART IN THE EDUCATION OF YOUTH

Аннотация

This article discusses the art of maqom and its current development, issues related to its study and teaching to young performers, and useful advice in this regard. This article provides general information for young people interested in the art of maqom and enriches their ideas about maqom. Kеywоrds:Maqom, national art, music,Shashmaqom, methods,prose, meter, melody. INTRОDUСTIОN The art of maqom is present in the musical heritage of most Eastern peoples and forms the basis ofnational music. Maqoms are a musical complex created ina certain order and are a unique and refined form of compositional creativity. Maqoms are, in a broad sense, an encyclopedia of folk music. Because in them, in particular in Shashmaqom, a number of aspects based on the rules of connection between poetry and folk singing, characteristic of the music of the Uzbek and Tajik peoples, have found their full expression. The author of the encyclopedia "Giyosul-lugat" Ghiyosuddin describes it as follows: "Maqom - pardai surudro go'yand" - "Maqom is called the curtain of melodies and songs." It is known from old sources about music that maqoms have historical, theoreticaland practical aspects. MАTЕRIАLSАND MЕTHОDS Their theoretical issues are deeply commented on in the treatises of such great scholars as Kindi, Farobi, Khorezmi, Ibn Sina, Urmavi; Shirozi, Marogi, Jami and Husayni, who lived and worked inthe9th-15th centuries. The art of Uzbek maqom has a thousand-year history. The rich meaning of the words of Uzbek maqom has been recognized in all times. The maqoms of our country “Shashmaqom”, “Khorezm”,“Fergana - Tashkent” are distinguished bythe unique position ofthe melody and the way of performance. The era, time, social reality have had an important influence on its development and refinement over thecenturies. Just as each science has its own history, stages of formation and development, the art of maqom also has a rich history of several centuries. Maqom is a mature and unique genre of oral professional music, created bycomposers in theMiddleAges [1]. Maqom is a melody that has seeped from the soul of our people. Therefore, it has survived for centuries. Unfortunately, in recent years, attention tothis joyful and magical art form has seemed to wane. However, the decision of our President on the development of the national art of maqom came at a time when, as the Head of our State noted at a meeting with representatives of the creative intelligentsia of Uzbekistan, we must work to widely promote the art of maqom, which is a unique heritage of our people, not only in our country, but also throughout the world, and, if necessary, organize maqom competitions on an international scale. The noble efforts to preserve our national heritage as the apple of our eye and to convey it to the youth, at the initiative of our President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, are clearly reflected in the enormous attention and care shown to the development of national maqom art. The resolutions of November 17, 2017 “On measures for the further development of Uzbek national maqom art” became an https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue3,2025 140 unforgettable event in the history of our art. This document played a very important role in deeply studying Uzbek maqom art, promoting its unique performing schools and traditions at a new stage, creating and enriching its “golden fund”, increasing its international prestige and widely promoting it. The endless attention paid to the development of national maqom art is inspiring and inspiring all artists. The Uzbek people have a vast and unique musical heritage. The crown jewel of Uzbek national musical art, "Shashmaqom" and its series, in harmony with our classical poetry, have created a beautiful example of art, which is admired by people around theworld. RЕSULTSАNDDISСUSSIОN In our country, the biennial international music festival "Sharq Taronalari", competitions and creative projects dedicated to the promotion of this unique musical heritage have become a good tradition. In 2003, the recognition of "Shashmaqom" by UNESCO as a "Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity" is a practical expression of attention and recognition tothe art of maqom. The establishment of the Uzbek National Center for Maqom Art inour capital, which is now starting itseffective activities, isalso a continuation ofgreat events. For us, the art of maqom, which is an invaluable artistic encyclopedia, has been expressing the human spirit, its sorrows, dreams, and noble aspirations on high screens for centuries and hundreds ofyears. Maqom gives peace and tranquility to the heart, purity and moderation to the psyche. Its miracle is clearly manifested in the fact that even foreigners who do not understand the Uzbek language areenchanted and listen to thisancient heritage ofours inaflood. We need to mobilize all our resources so that the melodies of maqom, the spirit and philosophy of maqom take a deep place in the hearts of e