DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRUCTURAL SCHEME FOR MANAGING THE COAL BRIQUETTE PRODUCTION PROCESS

Аннотация

This article focuses on the development of a structural scheme for managing the coal briquette production process. It presents an analysis of the key components involved in the production process, including the machinery, technological stages, and the overall management system. The paper discusses the integration of various processes and systems to optimize the production of coal briquettes, improve efficiency, and reduce costs. The proposed structural scheme aims to enhance the control and monitoring of the production stages, ensuring high- qualityoutput and effective management. Keywords: Coal briquette production, process management, structural scheme, efficiency, technological stages, production optimization,control systems. Introduction. Coal briquettes are widely used as an energy source in various industrial and power generation applications. They are produced by compressing coal into a compact form, making them easier to transport, store, and handle. However, the production process of coal briquettes is complex, involving several technological stages that require effective management to ensure optimal efficiency and quality. This article focuses on the development of a structural scheme for managing the coal briquette production process. It aims to explore the key components involved in production, including machinery, materials, and resource management, while also proposing strategies for optimizing these processes to enhance productivity. A well- organized management system plays a vital role in improving the quality of the final product, simplifying production stages, and reducing costs. This paper presents the necessary structural framework and approach for improving the coal briquette production system, contributing to both efficiency and quality enhancement in the industry. The development of a structural scheme of an automated system is understood as a description of the general view of the control of the technological process. The structural scheme of an automated system is developed on the basis of three-level control. In the automation of small enterprises, the structural scheme can be developed as a two-level control system. The specification of a specific control system is determined bythesoftware and hardware platform used at each level in it. Thethree-level management system consists of: -lower level (field); -medium level (controlled); -high level (information-computation). To develop thestructure of themanagement system, we will considereach level separately. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue3,2025 81 Coal​ briquettes working release The structural scheme of the automation and control of the process looks likethis: Figure 2. Coal briquettes working release process automation and control system structural scheme https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue3,2025 82 1. The lower level (field) consists of primary sensors that collect information about the progress of the technological process, actuators that implement control and adjustment effects, as well as cables, terminal blocks,and switches. 2. The middle level (controller) consists of controllers, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, and devices (gateways) designed to provide communication with the higher level. If several controllers are used in the control system, they can be interconnected via controller networks. Typically, controller networks are built on the basis of RS-232, RS-485 interfaces or, if appropriate controllers are used, on the basis of systems that cooperate with servers of Profibus, HART, CANand other ORSand SCADAsystems. 3. The higher level (information-computing) consists of computers and they are connected to Ethernet, Token Ring, ARCnet, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), Low-level sensors transmit information to middle-level controllers that control the process. Controllers perform the followingfunctions: -collection, processing and storage of information on the condition of equipment and technological process parameters; -automaticlogical control and adjustment; -executecommands from thecontrol point; -diagnostics ofthesoftware and thecontroller itself; -exchange ofinformation withthe control point. These schemes determine the composition of the elements of the automation system, reflect the connections between them, the methods of power supply of devices and automation means. The initial material for the development of the principle electrical scheme is the scheme of automation of technological processes. The AES, in turn, serves as the basis for the development ofassembly diagrams of assemblies and othertechnical documentation [18-24]. Thisdiagram shows thepower supplyofmeasuring instruments and automation equipment. Thefollowing issues are addressed when designing thescheme: 1. Typeof electric current, voltage value, source power, etc. 2. Thereliability ofthe supplyscheme is being reviewed. 3. Depending on the importance category of the technological facility, continuity o