Problems and Solutions of Teaching Folk Instruments in Higher Education

Аннотация

This article analyzes the current problems encountered in the process of teaching folk instruments in higher educational institutions. In particular, the inconsistency of curricula with modern requirements, the imbalance between theoretical and practical training, shortcomings in the training of pedagogical personnel, and the lack of methodological materials are highlighted as problems. The importance of approaches based on national heritage in the formation of professional competencies in the performance of folk instruments is also highlighted. Keywords: Folk instruments, performance, methodological support, teaching problems, pedagogical approach, national musical heritage, modular curricula, music education. performance of folk instruments have a negative Introduction: In modern pedagogy and music impact on the effectiveness of teaching. Therefore, the education theory, the issue of teaching folk implementation of innovative and integrative instruments is of particular importance as a specific approaches to teaching folk instruments in higher scientific and practical direction. As an integral part of educational institutions, the preservation of national musical culture, folk instruments are not only a means musical heritage and its integration into the modern of expressing national identity, but also a pedagogical education system are considered as one of the current resource that forms creative thinking, aesthetic taste research areas. This article systematically analyzes the and a sense of respect for cultural heritage in students. existing problems in teaching folk instruments, In this regard, effective teaching of folk instrument highlights their pedagogical, psychological and performance in the higher education system requires methodological foundations, and analyzes the ways of solving urgent methodological, didactic and improvement, in particular, the possibilities of solving psychopedagogical problems. them through the introduction of innovative In today's conditions of globalization and educational technologies. informatization, it has become necessary to structurally The process of teaching folk instruments in higher revise curricula and re-model them based on a educational institutions includes the formation of competency-based approach. In particular, the musical creative activity, performing competencies, problem of the incompatibility of traditional aesthetic perception, historical and cultural awareness approaches to teaching folk instruments with modern and interpretative skills. The effectiveness of this requirements, the level of individual mastery of process depends on a number of factors, including students, differences in mastering performance didactic approaches, methodological support, techniques and the lack of consistency in the formation pedagogical competencies and motivational of performance competence is emerging as a problem. environment. In addition, the insufficient systematization of In current curricula, folk instrument classes are often educational and methodological materials, the lack of included in modules on general performing arts, which scientifically based methodological manuals and do not allow for in-depth mastery of the techniques, modularization of practical exercises in the means of expression, melody and stylistic features International Journal of Pedagogics 160 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281) formed within specialized and national music schools. innovations and performance technologies. This situation leads to the fact that the professional In Uzbek musicology, folk instruments and their place competency approach in the educational process is not in the national musical heritage have been thoroughly fully implemented. covered in the studies of such scholars as M. Qualification and quality of training of pedagogical Tokhtamurodov, A. Qodirov, H. Sultanov, N. Nosirova, personnel. The number and quality of teachers I. R. Khudoyberganov. In particular, M. Tokhtamurodov teaching folk instruments are insufficient. Many (2018) in his work “Classification and Development teachers have a background in classical instruments Directions of Uzbek Folk Instruments” analyzed the and do not have a deep knowledge of non-traditional stages of historical formation of instruments, techniques of folk instruments or have low classification criteria and problems of their methodological training. Therefore, pedagogical preservation. reflection and skills in the use of methodological Scientific approaches to the educational process, in innovations are not sufficiently formed. particular, studies on the formation of musical and Limited methodological support and innovative pedagogical competencies (G. A. Usmonova, D. R. technologies. Methodological guides, video tutorials, Kayumova, A. J. Matyokubova) highlight the didactic virtual platforms and multimedia tools for folk foundations of developing performing skills base