Trial Motive in Uzbek Folk Fairy Tales

Аннотация

The article examines the conventional motive and its types in Uzbek folk tales. Such types of conventional motives as prohibition (taboo), condition, conditionality and desire are analyzed. Keywords: Main motive, situational motive, internal types of motive, fairy tale. way in the structure of the plot. Sh.I. Nazarova Introduction: In folklore, in particular, in Uzbek folk identifies three separate types of test motives fairy tales, the motif of trial is one of the most (prohibition, condition, and conditioning) and frequently encountered leading motifs in the plot combines them under the name of a general condition- structure. test. In world folklore studies, the motif of the trial within In this article, we intend to discuss the test motive, its the plot of the epic work and its various manifestations types, and situational forms. First of all, it should be have aroused special interest, and various forms of the noted that from birth to death, a person faces trial were one of the first to be studied by E.B. Taylor, thousands of trials almost every day, every hour. In folk J. J. Fraser, C. Lévi-Strauss, A.N.Veselovskiy, tales, which are the oral creativity of the people, the V.Ya.Propp , V.P.Anikin , Ye.M.Meletinskiy from the test is one of the most important motifs. The plot of a point of view of ethnography, literature, and pure fairy tale can be without the motif of birth, journey, or folklore studies. dream, but it is very difficult to find a fairy tale without In Uzbek folklore studies, in the works of such scholars the motif of trial. as H.Zarifov, M.Afzalov, M.Saidov, T.Mirzaev, In folk tales, the motif of trial is expressed so K.Imomov, G.Jalolov, B.Sarimsakov, H.Egamov, structurally and semantically that it is somewhat A.Musaqulov, M.Juraev, Sh.Turdimov, J.Eshonqul, difficult for the researcher to summarize and classify J.Yusupov, T.Rakhmonov, N.Dustkhodzhaeva, them. Therefore, we used some methods for a more M.Sodikova, Z.Rasulova, tests and related concepts are comprehensive study of the test motive. addressed in the necessary places. The test is the root motive in relation to some of its The scientific work, entirely devoted to the study of the internal types. This root motive is divided into four trial motif in folk tales, belongs to Sh.I. Nazarova, who main types: prohibition, condition, condition, and wish. emphasizes the special significance of mythological Its graphical representation can be expressed as worldview and rituals in the emergence of trial motifs follows: and states that this motif manifests itself in a complex American Journal Of Philological Sciences 206 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) Prohibition (taboo) is one of the most common and completely, i.e., in two parts, and it can be explained important types of test motives. In it, the prohibition of using the following formula: not performing any action or state is imposed on the Don't! If you do, it will be (- hero (executor) by the "commander" (column) or does not prevent him from doing something. If the hero di, -san, -miz). performs this action or situation, he is informed that he will be punished, that it will not be a good deed. For There are also fairy tales in which the "commander," example, in the fairy tale "Yoriltosh," the following type when imposing a prohibition, does not say the second of prohibition occurs: part, or omits it (sometimes this is also related to the storyteller and the audience). For example, in the fairy ..." (they) walk a lot, and even if they walk a lot, they tale "The Lame Wolf," the protective wolf tells the walk abundantly. With that, they ended up in the great youngest son: desert. That younger brother was very thirsty and his throat was parched. Seeing a wolf's water on the road, "Wolf: his brother: -"You climb the forty-step ladder, if you take a bird, "I'll drink this water," he said, and his sister: don't take its temple," he said. "Don't drink, if you drink, you'll become a wolf." This Here, the expressive formula of the motive is as water is wolf's water," he said. follows: If you do this, don't do that, if ... In the example above, the prohibition is expressed American Journal Of Philological Sciences 207 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) you do that, don't do that! In general, the formulas we propose do not cover all situational forms of prohibition. The diversity of In this case, the "customer" imposes a prohibition in themes positively influences the artistry of the fairy the form of a choice. The incident that occurs when the tale. prohibition is violated is not being mentioned. In some In the diagram above, the forbidden type of the test fairy tales, the prohibition is not mentioned as a choice. core motif is located at an angle of 180° along the circle. For example, in the fairy tale "Hit, hammer," the old In folk tales, there are such situa