Transformation of adventitious species into the urban flora of Samarkand

Аннотация

The article provides information about adventitious species that have recently rapidly entered the local flora. It has been determined that there are various factors in the penetration of adventitious species into other regions. Some adventitious plant species distributed in the urban area are presented. It is emphasized that anthropogenic factors, logistical connections, and the introduction of ornamental plants play a key role. Keywords: Urban flora, adventive, floristics, field research, plants, species. and other factors. Numerous studies on the trends of Introduction: The study of urban flora is one of the change of adventitious species in urban flora.[3] priority areas of modern floristics and phytogeography, (Grossheim, 1936; Vyunkova, 1985; Richardson, 2000; and its scientific importance is increasing day by day Pyshek et al., 1995) due to the intensification of anthropogenic pressure both in time and space. In particular, as a result of the It is shown that random plants penetrate in different increase in the level of urbanization in our republic in directions, but no special system has been developed recent years, the rapid development of tourism, for them. logistics and economic sectors, 82% of the natural When identifying many new plants, researchers landscape of the territory of Uzbekistan has been emphasize that they are "alien species" for the studied affected by anthropogenic factors, and 18% has been area and that their origin is associated with economic completely mastered. As a result of the intensification activity. A.A. Grossheim (Grossheim, 1936) and N.A. of anthropogenic impact, determining the composition Vyunkova (Vyunkova, 1985) emphasize that the of urban flora in the country's natural and artificial appearance of adventitious plants in other areas is not landscapes, protecting rare species, maintaining a a natural process of florogenesis, but the result of register of adventive species, and studying their impact anthropogenic influence on the flora. At present, it is on urban biodiversity are of important scientific and difficult to determine the time of introduction and practical importance [1]. origin of some adventitious species, most of which have Anthropogenic changes in natural flora are explained adapted to the local flora or have become by the rapid growth of plants. Over the past 20 years, cosmopolitan species after spreading over great the process of adventitia of flora has been enriching the distances. From this perspective, it is difficult to composition of natural flora with new species. This distinguish between "native" and "alien" species.[4] situation has become especially noticeable in urban (Richardson, 2000; Pysheket al, 1995; Carlton, 1996; flora. When studying the composition of various urban Heywood, 1989). Such situations are currently being floras, one can see a high concentration of specific observed in our republic, especially in the urban flora species [2]. of Samarkand, where the number of adventitious plants is increasing. Alien plants enter territories in various ways. Although common features of the introduction of these species METHODS have been observed, they differ depending on the It is planned to conduct research on the urban flora of geographical location of the territories, climatic Samarkand city in 2024-2026. As a result of field conditions, socio-economic relations, tourism potential research in 2024, herbarium samples were obtained. American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation 29 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajbspi American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) The collected herbarium samples are being identified Western Europe (Amaranthus viridis L.), They based on scientific sources and the transformation complement the list of species unintentionally brought processes of adventitious species have been identified. by tourists. Currently, these species have been [5], [6] observed to be widespread in many areas of the city. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 2. Rapid development of transport and logistics. The second factor is explained by the location of the study In 2024, field research was conducted on the urban area (Samarkand city) in the center of the Great Silk flora of Samarkand. A grid-system map was Road and the dense network of modern logistics, as determined, divided into 174 indexes, on which field well as the connection of Samarkand city with the M39 research was carried out. Research was conducted in international highway. This factor is the main means for 67 indexes out of a total of 174 indexes. As a result of the introduction of adventitious species such as the research, more than 3000 herbarium specimens of Geranium pusillum L., Stizolophus balsamita (Lam.) plants were collected. Field research is currently Cass. ex Takht. It is the species Centaurea solstitialis L ongoing. When analyzing the collected plants, that was recorded in the vicinity of the M39 adventitious plants were r