Insecticidal Activity Of The New PILARURON 50% SC Preparation Against Melon Aphid Aphis Gossypii Glov (Hemiptera:Aphididae) On Greenhouse-Grown Tomato Plants

Аннотация

In this article, experimental trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a new insecticide formulation, PILARURON 50% SC, against Aphis gossypii Glov., a pest currently infesting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in our Republic and negatively affecting crop quality. The product was tested at an application rate of 0,8–1,2 liters per hectare, and its insecticidal activity was determined. Keywords: Agriculture, vegetables, tomato plant, pest damage, chemical control measures, insecticidal activity. traditional method of controlling these pests in Introduction: Aphids that harm agricultural crops are greenhouse conditions is through the use of soft-bodied, small insects, with adults measuring 1,8- insecticides [11]. 2,1 mm in length. They occur in both winged and wingless forms. The winged forms possess two pairs of According to conducted research, several species of wings, with the forewings being significantly longer aphids, which are sucking pests, cause damage in than the hindwings. Their development is incomplete tomato fields. When tomato plants are affected during and typically parthenogenetic, involving live birth with the seedling stage, it often results in plant death. If no pupal stage. Aphid populations consist of different infestation occurs later, more than 50% yield loss can morphological forms, including viviparous wingless be observed [5]. females, oviparous wingless females, viviparous Many species of aphids infest tomato plants from the winged females, and winged (sometimes wingless) emergence of the first leaves to the end of the males [6;8;9]. vegetation period, feeding on the leaves, stems, and In greenhouses, two widespread aphid species - Aphis fruits. This feeding process inhibits the growth and gossypii Glov (melon aphid) and Aphis craceivora Koch development of the plants. Additionally, the sticky (cowpea aphid) - cause considerable damage to a wide honeydew secreted by the pests contaminates the range of host plants [10]. Aphids are a serious problem lower leaf surfaces, disrupting the plant’s metabolic in greenhouses, where favorable environmental processes and thereby reducing both the yield and conditions allow them to reach high population quality of the crop [1;3;4]. densities in a short time throughout the year. The METHODS American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 7 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) A field trial was conducted in September 2024 in the at 0.8 litr per hectare, the average number of aphids on Kibray district of Tashkent region, on the field of 10 tomato leaves was 72,5. After application, the aphid "Boburkhodja, Nodirkhodja Baraka" LLC, to test the population steadily decreased, reaching 6,3 on day-3, effectiveness of the insecticide PILARURON 50% SC 4,5 on day-7, 8,3 on day-14, and 12,5 on day-21. against Aphis gossypii, one of the main pests of tomato. The biological efficacy was 93,7% on day-3, 96.5% on The insecticide was applied at a rate of 0,8–1,2 liters day-7, 92,4% on day-14, and 87,8% on day-21. per hectare. The timing of pest occurrence and When applied at 1,2 litr per hectare, the average population counts were determined using standard number of aphids on 10 tomato leaves was 67,3 before methods described by Bondarenko N.V., (1978); treatment. This number decreased to 4.8 on day-3, 3,1 Polyakov et al., (1984) and Osmolovsky G.E., (1980) on day-7, 6,5 on day-14, and 10,3 on day-21. The [2;12;13]. biological efficacy was 94,8%, 97,4%, 93,6%, and 89,2% The trial was conducted during the flowering stage of respectively. In the untreated control variant, the the tomato plants. The experiment included treatment, number of aphids increased over time. From an initial reference, and control variants, each replicated three average of 64,6 per 10 leaves, the count rose to 89,5 on times. Pest counts were recorded before treatment day-3, 114,3 on day-7, 98,4 on day-14, and 91,5 on day- and on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days post- 21. treatment. The effectiveness of the insecticide was In the reference treatment using Raudo 50% SC, the evaluated by comparing it to the control variant. Field initial aphid count was 81,5 per 10 leaves. After trials were conducted following the methodological application, the counts dropped to 7,5 (day-3), 5.9 (day- guidelines of Khodjaev Sh.T., (2023) [7], and biological 7), 11,5 (day-14), and 14,7 (day-21), with corresponding efficacy was calculated using the methodology and biological efficacy rates of 93,4%, 95,9%, 90,7%, and formula of Po’ntener W., (1981) [14]. 87,3%. The experimental and reference variants both