THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CUSTOMS AND CEREMONIES IN KHOREZM

Аннотация

This article analyzes Islamic holidays (Eid of Ramadan, Eid of Sacrifice) and their regional characteristics. The formation of Islamic values ​ ​ in the cultural, historical and social context, their uniqueness in different nations and their dependence on local traditions were studied. Attention is paid to the place of Ramadan and Eid al-Adha, which are considered religious holidays, in social life and the rules of their observance. Characteristics of Khorezm song "Yo Ramazan" related to Islamic holidays, examples of its performance, similarities and differences with its performance in other regions were analyzed. At the same time, the time and order of the “ashura” and "mavlud" ceremony in the Khorezm oasis, as well as the activities of the pilgrims in this ceremony, were also studied. The article focuses on the changes of Islamic holidays in the process of globalization, their impact on the education of the young generation andtheirimportance in society. Key words:Islamic holidays, Khorezm, values, Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Adha, song "Yo Ramadan", “ashura”,"mavlud", regional characteristics, traditions,religious traditions, globalization. Annotatsiya:Ushbu maqolada islomiy bayramlar (Ramazon hayiti, Qurbon hayiti) va ularning mintaqaviy xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Islomiy qadriyatlarning madaniy, tarixiy va ijtimoiy kontekstda shakllanishi, ularning turli xalqlardagi o‘ziga xosligi va mahalliy an’analarga bog‘liqligi o‘rganildi. Diniy bayramlar hisoblangan Ramazon va Qurbon hayitlarining ijtimoiy hayotdagi o‘rni va ularni ado etish tartib qoidalariga e’tibor qaratiladi. Islomiy bayramlar bilan bog‘liq “Yo ramazon” qo‘shig‘ining Xorazmga xos xususiyatlari hamda ijro namunalari, boshqa hududlarda ijro qilinishi bilan o‘xshash va farqli jihatlari tahlil qilindi. Shu bilan birga Xorazm vohasida “ashura” va “mavlud” marosimining o‘tkazish vaqti, tartibi, ushbu marosimda otinoyilar faoliyati ham o‘rganildi. Maqolada islomiy bayramlarning globallashuv jarayonidagi o‘zgarishlari, ularning yosh avlodtarbiyasiga ta’siri va jamiyatdagi ahamiyatiga e’tiborqaratiladi. Kalit so‘zlar:Islomiy bayramlar, Xorazm, qadriyatlar, Ramazon hayiti, Qurbon hayiti, “Iyd al- Adha”, “Yo ramazon” qo‘shig‘i, “ashura”,“mavlud”, mintaqaviy xususiyatlar, urf-odatlar, diniy an’analar, globallashuv. Humanity was created in such a way that holidays play a special role in its way of life. Human life cannot be imagined without holidays, traditions, customs and rituals. Holidays are the main means of showing the spiritual beauty of society, the way of life and living conditions of the people to the world. Therefore, a holiday is a mirror that reflects the most elegant and refined aspects of life. The great scholar of theEast, Mahmud Kashgari, said: “A holiday is a day of joy and happiness for the people.” A holiday is understood as a celebration of an important social event or datein alarge number ofpeople, ina high spirit and with joy [5:447]. Abu Rayhan Beruni called holidays “the most important days” in life and divided them into secular holidays and religious holidays [7: 49].In addition, Omar Khayyam also emphasized about holidays that “Whoever celebrates and rejoices on Nowruz will be happy and live in comfort until the next Nowruz” [8: 12]. The introduction of Islam to our country occupies a page971 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai special place in the history of holidays. Because such holidays have had a very strong socio- political, cultural and educational impact on the lives of our ancestors since the Middle Ages. Pre-Islamic holidays arose on the basis of the specific laws and social characteristics of that era. To understand them, one must approach them from the perspective of that era. Abu Rayhan Beruni, describing the content and essence of those holidays, writes the following about the rulers' interest in such holidays: "Hajjs were great days, and kings and rulers held ceremonies on those days, and through them they achieved the joy of their souls, the joy of their souls, and they were praised and glorified, and they attracted the love of people and received their prayers. They also organized various ceremonies for the common people on those days. By performing the ceremonies, the common people joined the joys of the kings and emirs, and expressed their sincere obedience and service tothem" [1:253]. The most famous days celebrated by Muslims and marked with specific religious rituals are Islamic holidays. Such holidays have official, national significance in Muslim countries, and these days are declared as holidays. Since Islamic holidays are celebrated according to the Hijri- lunar calendar, they fall on different seasons of the year. One of the days that Muslims honor based on concepts related to Islam or its leaders is Ashura [2: 4]. Ashura is another name for the