COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN MIDDLE-AGED MEN WHO HAVE HAD A CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

Аннотация

Middle-aged men after suffering a new coronavirus infection are characterized by a moderate decrease in attention function, regulatory function, and visual - spatial function with sufficiently preserved memory and speech function. Keywords:Cognitive disorders, new coronavirus infection. Introduction. The clinical picture of neurological diseases and syndromes caused by coronavirus infection corresponds to the usual ideas. Some researchers have proven that SARS- CoV-2 can persist in thecentral nervous system for along timein theform ofinactivefragments, which means that it can recur in predisposed individuals when suitable conditions appear. This assumption raises concerns about long-term neurological complications in infected and cured patients (1). In their publication, some authors cite data where 30-40% of COVID-19 patients have neurological changes. More than 30-50% ofthese changes were cognitivein nature. (2,3). In this regard, there is an intensive intensification of research related to the development of diagnostic criteria, etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of cognitive disorders against the background of the new coronavirus infection. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid tothe problem ofpre-modal cognitivedisorders. The use of neuropsychological tests reveals the widespread prevalence and significance of cognitiveimpairments. The purpose of the study. To determine the nature of cognitive disorders in middle-aged men who have suffered a newcoronavirus infection. Materials and methods of research. 64 male patients who suffered from a new coronavirus infection, who made up the main group, were examined. All of them underwent routine examination and treatment at the neurological department of theAndijan Medical Institute Clinic. The exclusion criteria were the presence of a history of acute cerebrovascular accident, severe traumatic brain injury or other focal brain changes according to CT scans, mental and somatic diseases in thedecompensation stage. The age of the patients is 45-59 years, which corresponds to the average age group according to WHOcriteria. The average agewas 52.6± 4.8years. The control group (n=20) consisted of men who were comparable in age and level of education tothemain group. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue2,2025 432 An objective clinical and laboratory examination was performed according to a generally accepted method. Assessment of cognitive function disorders (attention, memory, speech function, regulatory, visual - spatial functions) and emotional - volitional disorders was carried out according to the results of neuropsychological testing, which included: a brief study of mental status on the MMSE scale (Mini - mental state examination); assessment by the frontal dysfunction battery (FAB); clock drawing test; assessment of verbal fluency; 5-word test; hospital anxiety and depression scale; Beck depression questionnaire. Testing was conducted during the patients' maximum working capacity (in the morning), and was performed in a separate room to eliminate distractions. Statistical data processing was carried out using theapplication software package "Statistica6.0". Results. According to the clinical examination, the most common complaints in the patients of the main group were decreased memory, attention, fatigue (78%), headache (70%), and complaintsof sleep disorders (55%)also prevailed. The clinical examination also revealed that in patients of the main group, the dominant neurological syndromes were intellectual-mnestic (100%) astheno-depressive and astheno- neurotic(75%), vestibulo-atactic (62%) and pyramidal (52.5%). No data for pathological symptoms were obtained in patients from the control group during the studyof theneurological status. According to the results of neuropsychological testing, 24 (38%) patients in the main group had mildcognitiveimpairment, and 37(62%)cases were diagnosed with moderate cognitivedecline. Based on the analysis of the MMSE test results, 27 (42.6%) patients in the main group had no disorders; 33(51.4%) had pre-dementia; 4(6%) had milddementia. According to the FAB scale of patients in the main group, 25 people (39%) had no cognitive impairment;39people (61%) hadmild cognitiveimpairment. According to the results of the "5 words" test, 39 (61%) patients in the main group received normal results, and 25 (39%) patients had cognitive impairments. After the prompts were introduced, 52(81%) patients completed thetask. According to the results of the assessment of verbal fluency, 30 (46.9%) patients showed normal results, 34(53.1%) patientsshowed violationsof regulatory functions. Whenanalyzing the results of the clock drawing test, 28 (43.8%) patients showed normal results, 36(56.2%)patients didnot complete thetask accurately. When comparing the test data of patients in the main group with the normative indicators, memory loss was detected in 24 (38%) patients; impaired speech function in (6%), decreased atten