“THE USE OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH PROVERBS”

Аннотация

В данной статье рассматривается использование стилистических приемов в пословицах, с акцентом на английскую и русскую паремиологию. Анализируются ключевые выразительные средства, включая метафору, аллитерацию, рифму и олицетворение, с целью выявления их роли в значении и запоминаемости пословиц. Исследование показывает, что стилистические приемы широко используются в обеих языковых традициях, однако имеются небольшие различия в их применении. Сравнение лингвистических особенностей позволяет глубже понять, как различные культуры используют стилистические средства в пословицах для передачи мудрости и коллективного опыта. Ключевые слова: Пословицы, английский, русский, паремиология, стилистические приемы, лингвистика. Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada maqollarda stilistik usullarning qo‘llanilishi, ingliz va rus paremiologiyasiga urg‘u berilgan holda ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada metafora, alliteratsiya, qofiya va jonlantirish kabi asosiy tasviriy vositalar tahlil qilinib, ularning ma'noni shakllantirish va maqollarning esda qolarli bo‘lishidagi o‘rni aniqlanadi. Tadqiqot shuni ko‘rsatadiki, stilistik usullar har ikkala til an'analarida keng qo‘llaniladi, ammo ularning qo‘llanilishida kichik farqlar mavjud. Til xususiyatlarini 277 "ZAMONAVIY TILSHUNOSLIK VA TARJIMASHUNOSLIKNING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI" mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman taqqoslash turli madaniyatlar maqollar orqali donolikni va hayotiy darslarni qanday yetkazishini chuqurroq tushunishga yordam beradi. Kalit so‘zlar: Maqollar, ingliz tili, rus tili, paremiologiya, stilistik usullar, lingvistika. Introduction. Proverbs are linguistic phenomena that teach people moral and ethnic norms, and the employment of stylistic devices makes them more memorable and sensitive. In both English and Russian proverbs, stylistic devices are widely used, showing that using figurative language helps shape meaning. These devices are metaphor, alliteration, rhyme, and personification, which contribute to enhancing the figurativeness of proverbial speech. Several studies have analyzed proverbs from cultural, semantic, and functional perspectives. [5; 19]. However, articles on contrastive analysis of the usage of stylistic devices in English and Russian proverbs are fewer. This article will compare proverbs of two languages, Russian and English, in terms of the usage of stylistic devices. The analysis will focus on five main stylistic devices - metaphor, alliteration, rhyme, and personification and will seek similarities and differences between English and Russian proverbs. Main body. Different scholars gave various definitions for the term proverbs. A proverb is a short, generally known sentence of the folk that contains wisdom, truth, morals, and traditional views in a metaphorical, fixed, and memorable form and is handed down from generation to generation. [5; 119] The definition of a proverb is too difficult to repay the undertaking; and should we fortunately combine in a single definition all the essential elements and give each the proper emphasis, we should not even then have a touchstone. An incommunicable quality tells us this sentence is proverbial and that one is not. Hence no definition will enable us to identify positively a sentence as proverbial. Those who do not speak a language can never recognize all its proverbs, and similarly, much that is truly proverbial escapes us in Elizabethan and older English. Let us be content with recognizing that a proverb is a saying current among the folk. At least so much of a definition is indisputable. [1; 3] Paremiologists have long identified numerous poetic devices, but Shirley Arora summarized them well in her seminal article[1]. Such stylistic markers include: alliteration – “Practice makes perfect,” “Forgive and forget,” and “Every law has a loophole”; parallelism – “Ill got, ill spent,” “Nothing ventured, nothing gained,” and “Easy come, easy go”; 278 "ZAMONAVIY TILSHUNOSLIK VA TARJIMASHUNOSLIKNING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI" mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman rhyme: “A little pot is soon hot,” “There's many a slip between the cup and the lip,” and “When the cat's away, the mice will play”; ellipsis: “More haste, less speed,” “Once bitten, twice shy,” and “Deeds, not words.” Besides these external markers, there are also internal features that add to the rhetorical effectiveness of proverbs, among them: hyperbole: “All is fair in love and war,” “Faint heart never won fair lady”; personification: “Love will find a way,” “Hunger is the best cook.” Not all, but most, proverbs contain a metaphor, among them such common texts as “A watched pot never boils,” “The squeaky wheel gets the grease,” and “Birds of a feather flock together”. [3; 24]. According to Shirley Arora, there are seven main frequently used stylistic devices such as alliteration, parallelism, rhyme, ellipsis, hyperbole, personification, and metaphor. This finding can be applied to both English and Russian proverbs. But four of them are similarly widely used in